Validação clínica do diagnóstico de enfermagem proteção ineficaz em pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise

Abstract

Cross-sectional study of diagnostic accuracy, with purpose the clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis Ineffective Protection in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Two hundred patients undergoing hemodialysis at a clinic in northeastern Brazil were selected by convenience, consecutively, during the months of March and April 2015. In the data collection, we used the medical records and a structured instrument of interview and physical examination. The accuracy of the clinical indicators of diagnosis Ineffective Protection took from the latent class analysis. It was identified the prevalence of diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity of each clinical indicator investigated and their confidence intervals of 95%. The ethics committee in research approved the study, with sound number 387 837 and Certificate Presentation to Ethics Assessment: 18486413.0.0000.5537. The results indicate a prevalence of 60.5% in the diagnosis Ineffective Protection investigated clientele. Clinical indicators with greater sensitivity to the diagnosis Ineffective Protection were: fatigue, maladaptive response to stress and coagulation alterations. Specific were: fatigue, fever, increase in the number of hospitalizations, weakness, vascular access dysfunction and infected vascular access. It concludes that the studied diagnosis is clinically valid for the clientele in hemodialysis, since the identification of the accuracy of set clinical indicators, by the measures of sensitivity and specificity, allows for the consistent prediction of the same. Noteworthy is the fatigue indicator with better accuracy measures for the occurrence of the investigated diagnosis. In addition, the findings contribute to the clinical nursing practice, assisting in diagnostic inference process and intervention plan precise and directed to the patient's reality in hemodialysis.