Protocolo assistencial para pacientes submetidos a tomografia computadorizada

Abstract

The clinical protocol is characterized by being a set of information presented in a streamlined manner, which provides systematic care, and has as aim to evaluate in a standardized manner the factors related to clinical, epidemiological and supportive aspects, corroborating for the patient's quality of life and safety. At that, the preparation of a multi professional assistance protocol under the computed tomography service can contribute to an accurate clinical evaluation. This study aimed to prepare and validate a supportive protocol in the field of computed tomography. This is a methodological research with a quantitative approach, carried out in two stages: the first consisted of an integrative review of literature that subsidized the construction of the protocol; the second was characterized by the content validation through experts of various professions using the Delphi technique. The research was initiated after approval by the Ethics Committee in Research from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, with the Presentation Certificate for Ethics Assessment CAAE Nº. 41872215.7.0000.5537. The first phase was implemented between October and November of 2015, through literature review in the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases, with a cross-check of the controlled descriptors: Diagnostic Imaging; Patient safety and Tomography. The sample consisted of 23 articles. The results were organized in three categories: optimization, monitoring, quality and protection in relation to radiation exposure doses; adverse reactions and kidney diseases related to the use of contrast; nursing care, management and specific cases. For the second phase, experts were selected through the Lattes platform of the National Scientific and Technological Development Council (CNPQ) to identify health professionals from Brazil who decided to act as experts. The sample was of 54 experts both in Delphi 1 as for Delphi 2. Statistical analysis was performed using Cronbach's alpha index, Content Validity index (CVI) and the Relative Index (ARI). In the first stage, Delphi 1 the average of Cronbach's alpha and IRA were over 0.80, the CVI was 0.924. In Delphi 2 phase, the Cronbach's alpha reached 0.868, with CVI of 0.934. A comparison was made between Delphi phases 1 and 2, and in both cases the reliability was satisfactory. Through the Mann-Whitney test, we observed evidence of statistical differences between Delphi phase 1 and phase 2 in the dimensions of utility/relevance, consistency, clarity, update, precision, instructional sequence of topics and general evaluation, where we obtained a better evaluation in the Delphi phase 2 variables described above. Thus, it was reached the validity of the protocol in this content.