O efeito de jogos realizados em um calendário congestionado na carga interna e na IgA salivar em jovens futebolistas

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of competitive games on a congested schedules on mucosal immunity in young soccer players. For the development of this research, an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a quantitative approach. Twelve young male soccer players from the same team (age: 16.6 ± 0.51 years, height: 175 ± 8cm, body mass: 65 ± 7.9kg), from the sub category 17, who played four competitive games (J1, J2, J3 and J4) with 24-hour breaks between games. For quantification of salivary immunoglobulin A (S-IgA), this was expressed as absolute concentration of IgA (s-IgAabs), IgA secretion rate (s-IgAtaxa) and salivary flow (FS). For the competitive internal load, it was determined by the Subjective Effort Perception of the session (PSE). The playing time of each participating athlete during the four games was recorded to determine the competitive internal load by the PSE of the session, as well as the monotony and the competitive effort. Data are presented as mean and standard deviation. Normality of the dependent variables was verified with the Shapiro Wilk test (p> 0.05). Student's t-test was used to analyze salivary IgA and salivary flow rate in the first and fifth games of the competition. Repeated measures ANOVA compared the session PSE and the internal load throughout the games, the Bonferroni post hoc was used to identify the differences between the measures. Cohen's "d" was used to estimate magnitudes of differences (effect size - TE) among all comparisons. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the monotony index and the competitive effort with the absolute SIgA. The PSE values of the session were not different throughout the games F (4,33) = 1,680, p <0,1902, η²: 0,72. The internal load values differed throughout the competition F (4,33) = 6.299, p = 0.001, η²: 0.66. Differences were observed in games 2 and 4 compared to 3 (p <0.05). Absolute and relative salivary IgA concentrations decreased after competition when compared to the pre-competition time (absolute IgA t (11) = 2.744 p = 0.01 and relative IgA (t (11) = 2.744, p = 0.04) The salivary flow rate pre-set was similar to the post-t (11) = 0.1010, p = 0.921). The association between the values of the absolute salivary IgA variation delta and the monotony of the competition showed that there was a significant high correlation with one (r = 0.62: p = 0.031). In addition, a quasi-significant correlation was found between the competitive effort and the absolute IgA variation delta (r = 0.57: p = 0.051). The data demonstrated that competitive games in a congested schedules decreased mucosal immunity in response to increased internal perceived load.