Síntese hidrotermal e caracterização precursora de anodo de compósitos céria-alumínio e céria-estanho

Abstract

Renewable sources of energy are those that generate electricity from resources that have long-term availability and generate low environmental impact. Among the various alternatives of renewable sources are the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) of a cell-like constitution, presenting three basic components that are the anode, cathode and electrolyte, that besides taking advantage of the electricity generated from the electrocatalytic reactions, has as sub-product to water production. The fuels used are reformed in the anode to generate hydrogen, the solid oxide of zirconia impregnated with nickel oxide (NiO-YSZ) is the traditional material most used for the benefit of the efficiency of the reform, although it requires high temperatures of up to 1000 °C. In this context, ceramic anodes of doped ceria (Ce0,8M0,2O1,9O = Sm, Gd) impregnated respectively with aluminum oxide (Al2O3), tin (SnO2) and nickel (NiO) were synthesized through the synthesis microwave-assisted hydrothermal molten ratio of matrix/oxide ceramics impregnated with 1:1, as alternative NiO-YSZ anode materials for SOFC. Tin and aluminum oxides were used in this work as alternatives of reformers against traditional nickel, due to their low costs and to be an emerging research acting as electrocatalysts. The anodes impregnated with nickel presented higher conductivity than tin, and aluminum. Ce0,8Sm0,2O1,9-NiO (SNI) presented activation energy of 0.91 eV and Ce0,8Gd0,2O1,9- NiO (GNI) of 0.86 eV, as well as the aluminum oxides and with values ranging from 0.70 to 0.81 eV, demonstrating that these are promising as partial substituents for nickel.