Estudo das propriedades estruturais e magnéticas de nanoferritas de magnésio dopadas com níquel e cobre

Abstract

The magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) and their doped compounds has received special attention due to its wide area of use, including applications in high recording media, heterogeneous catalysis, adsorption, sensors and magnetic technologies. Its structural, electrical and magnetic properties depend on the chemical composition, structure, particle size, and the replacement of cations in the sites A and/or B, which are directly influenced by the synthesis method, the conditions employed in processing these materials. In this work, ferrites of the type Mg1-xBxFe2O4 (B = Ni, Cu; x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) were prepared by combustion method assisted by microwave in order to evaluate both the effect of partial substitution of Mg2+ for Ni2+ and/or Cu2+ as thermal treatment on the magnetic properties. Precursor powders were treated at the temperatures of 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C with 2h level and characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and refinement by the Rietveld method, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and magnetic hysteresis measurements at room temperature. According to the TG curves of the precursor powders, a similar behavior was observed for both systems where the total mass loss process occurred in two stages and in the temperature range between 30 and 500 °C for Mg1-xNixFe2O4 system (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) and between 30 and 450 °C for Mg1-xCuxFe2O4 system (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75). The X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of the spinel phase MgFe2O4 (ICSD 76176) of cubic symmetry, and secondary phases such as α-Fe2O3 (ICSD 88418), NiO (ICSD 9866) and CuO (ICSD 87125), for the studied systems. Regarding the hysteresis curves, there was a dependence of the magnetization as a function of the dopant content and the heat treatment temperature adopted. For Mg0,25Ni0,75Fe2O4 Mg0,75Cu0,25Fe2O4 and samples treated at 1000 °C showed the highest saturation magnetization values of 41.9 emu/g and 35.76 emu/g, respectively.