Hábitos alimentares, mistura de farelos e farinha de folhas de Moringa oleifera Lam., à mesa dos brasileiros

Abstract

Food habits are in use and consumption of foods that are available. Can sometimes use this and choose to be conscious or not, and still be conditioned by changes in eating behavior, motivated by external factors such as models and standards of living. Bad eating habits are responsible for various health problems, related to the consumption of high-calorie food and low nutritional value. In the current health situation in Brazil has shown a decrease in cases of malnutrition and infectious diseases and increased cases of obesity and chronic diseases, reaching in high rates of overweight children, childhood obesity and various health hazards. Non-governmental bodies such as the Pastoral da Criança have, in this sense also sought healthy behavioral changes through programs and pilot projects in the communities where it operates, in an attempt to guide the population to both correct quantitative and qualitative intake of food as well as good practice health and physical activities as changes in healthier eating habits. The Pastoral da Criança is a social action agency of the CNBB (National Conference of Bishops of Brazil) which had its foundation in the Brazilian city, Florestópolis/Paraná, the pediatrician and sanitarian Dr. Zilda Arns Neumann and also by then Arcerbispo Londrina Dom Geraldo Majella Agnelo. Today is present in all Brazilian states and also in about 21 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean promoting basic health care, education, nutrition and citizenship, promoting the development of children, families and communities. Due to new eating habits entered the food culture of families, the so-called "food globalization" new lifestyles and unhealthy habits emerge as new challenges. Nutritional supplementation is a complementary way to address dietary deficiencies. An example is the "multi" one of the great landmarks of the Pastoral, in the 80s, in combating infant mortality caused by malnutrition in children, especially in northeastern Brazil, however studies have questioned its potential nutritional. The use of supplementation is common in many countries in Africa where other nutritional highlight is the flour of leaves of Moringa oleifera, which several studies have shown nutritional gains improvements and anemic frames, reduced where doses were administered to food. This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical composition of wet and dry leaves of M. oleifera and the mixture of bran developed by the Children in Parnamirim / RN and even check out the eating habits of leaders and families about the choices, frequencies with which consume certain foods, knowledge about the risks of an unhealthy diet and how the media and the food industry influence the choices finally the suggestive use of M. oleifera leaves in food. a questionnaire / interview of 24 questions, 19 alternative/scores five discursive, analyzed by Mann Whitney U test with 5% significance was applied for independent samples in IBM SPSS Statistics v.22 software. They also analyzed the physical-chemical composition of wet and dry leaves of M. oleifera and the mixture of bran developed by the Pastoral da Criança in Parnamirim/RN. Data were computed in Microsoft Office Excel 2010® software distributed according to variable involved and their respective means and standard deviations, evaluated by the T Student test for independent samples with significance 5% in IBM SPSS Statistics software v.22 . By dietary diagnosis made was noticed a low consumption of foods recommended as sources of vitamins and minerals. In contrast to a considerable consumption by industrialized as juices, soft drinks and fatty foods, or by the influence of advertising and marketing, managed by food companies, sometimes by informational need. As for the analysis whose results showed that multimixture even with protein compounds in its composition, the M. oleifera leaves have a higher nutrient concentration, as 20x more calcium in their dried leaves and 4 times more Vitamin C in their damp leaves that multimixture of Pastoral da Criança. New re-education and food awareness policies should be encouraged, guiding the population and to healthier eating habits and, in addition, more work must be performed in order to analyze the nutritional values of both the flours of M. oleifera as the mixture of bran, for human consumption, in the treatment of malnutrition and anemia, with a possible nutritious food source, combined with the actions developed by the Pastoral da Criança.