Espectropolarimetria e espectroscopia de alta resolução de estrelas análogas e gêmeas solares: investigando a conexão entre a abundância de lítio, período de rotação e idade das estrelas análogas e gêmeas solares

Abstract

The interest in studying the objects similar to the Sun, stars labeled as solar-type stars, analogs and solar twins, brings in its essence an attempt to end out another reference star and, furthermore, provides an investigation of evolutionary dynamic of our star as a function of various parameters. For this, we used three distinct samples of observable data, 170 solar-type stars from BCool catalog and observed with spectropolarimeters ESPaDOnS e NARVAL, 88 solar-twin stars of HARPS surveys, and 20 solar-analog stars from Kepler. From these data, we have investigated mainly the correlation among the rotation period, lithium abundance and stellar age. For the BCool stars and solar-twin from HARPS, we have used the rotation period determined through of chromospheric activity, in the case of Kepler solar analogs, the rotation period it is derived from photometric modulation. The lithium abundance for most of the solar-type and solar-twin stars have been collected from literature, while for the solar analogs, the lithium abundance were determined in the LTE regime using Kurucz atmospheric models and the MOOG code. For stellar age, we have used the gyrochronology method, which was calibrated using the Sun and a selection of open clusters, to redetermine them and comparing them with those derived from standard isochronal. Our results indicate that exist a decay law for the rotation period as a function of lithium abundance. This correlation becomes more clear for the solar-analog and solartwin stars, even the rotation period being determined through distinct mechanisms for each case. For stellar ages, measured from standard isochronal and gyrochronology, we realized that they diverge considerably when the stars are older than the Sun. This result has also been investigated by van Saders et al. (2016) and reect our limitation about thestellar evolution and mixing mechanisms. Our work has resulted in five publications in indexed journals, two already in print format, one recently submitted and other in final stage of conclusion.