A qualidade ambiental de espaços livres em campi: um estudo na UFPB e UFRN sob a ótica da avaliação pós-ocupação

Abstract

The campuses of Brazilian Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES) proliferated from the decade of 1960/70, developed slowly during the second half of the XX century and, in the last decade, have undergone intense changes in the physical structure, which may affect their environmental quality (QA) and, consequently, the quality of life (QV) of the population. Considering this issue, the thesis took as the subject of study the relationship between users and open space system (SEL) in the Northeast region of Brazil, working specifically with two institutions: the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). An initial look at the IFES produced the starting question that led to this research: Does SEL of the central campuses of these IFES offer QA and, consequently, QV to its users? Responding to this question, the hypotheses worked were: a) After more than 50 years of building the campuses, a growing occupation with which the SEL of the IFES presents few and dispersed ELs; b) The QA of SEL of the IFES campuses surveyed does not offer features that contribute to users' QV; c) The QA of SEL of the IFES does not answer to the yearnings of the users, offering ELs that are not attractive to the community. In order to undertake this discussion, the general objective of the study was to understand the SEL of two Brazilian Federal Universities (UFPB and UFRN), to establish guidelines to contribute to your QA. By subsidizing research, were established space clippings: the Campus I UFPB and the Campus Center UFRN, with respect to which five specific objectives were delimited: with regard to five specific objectives were defined: a) Verify how was the space occupation of the campuses under study and their remaining ELs; b) Characterize the existing SEL and categorize the use and potentialities; c) Analyze environmental dimensions for the maintenance of SEL QA; d) Identify the users' understanding of the SELs of the IFES researched, in order to assess the suitability of these spaces for their needs/aspirations; e) Draw system-ranking guidelines. In this context, the research methodologically corresponded to a multiple case study, using as a research strategy the Post-occupation evaluation carried out through a multi-method approach, which, in addition to the generation of a vast diagnosis, promoted a reflection on SEL in a university environment. The results obtained showed that, in the two investigated institutions, the number of ELs is considerable, however, their QA is questionable, so that some of them are not perceived and, consequently, used by the community. The SEL ordering guidelines on university campuses, with a view to promoting SEL QA and QV of users, prioritize environmental, security, mobility and support services dimensions.