Radiodifusão pública no Brasil segundo os princípios da UNESCO

Abstract

This thesis analyzes Public Communication as an instrument for building citizenship, popular emancipation and commitment to social issues, differentiating the expression of other forms of communication funded with public resources. The research is done in dialogue with Brazilian authors, such as Brandão (2012), Duarte (2012), Matos (2012), Haswani (2013) and Bucci (2014). It also has, as a theoretical basis, the studies of Habermas (2003) and Zémor (1995), world references on the subject. Based on this intellectual support, the work presents the specificities that characterize and separate the private, public and state broadcasting systems, especially in the "programming" aspect. In this scenario, we present the Case Study that analyzes a journalistic program of Rádio Universitária FM de Natal, of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. To reach the objectives, the qualitative study of a descriptive character uses bibliographical and documentary research; application of questionnaire and structured interview with open questions with the subjects responsible for the program in the period between August 2015 and February 2017; In addition to the auditioning of five program editions through recordings. The content analysis is based on the principles of universality, diversity, independence and differentiation, as proposed by the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO, 2001) as the characterization of a public broadcasting vehicle. The four criteria were gathered and interpreted to form a methodology for evaluating the public character of journalistic broadcasting in Brazil. The collected data point to a programming that values the truthfulness of the facts and the plurality of voices, despite the lack of interaction of the team with the listener; gives visibility to cultural manifestations, but in a discreet and not very effective way; presents a lack of deepening of controversial issues and of the promotion of the debate of ideas; repeats themes and approaches found in private broadcasters without giving experimentation and originality to content. The research also inferred that the participation of the academic community as a source of qualified information is expressive, but the team of the newspaper acts with autonomy in relation to the public authorities and to the market. Finally, it intends to contribute with a reflection on the role of a broadcaster funded with public resources inserted into a university context and with suggestions to improve and strengthen the journalistic work in a public channel.