Ideação suicida, estados depressivos e satisfação no trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem da urgência e emergência em hospitais do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Introduction: Nursing professionals working in the emergency and emergency hospital network are subjected to precarious working conditions in an unhealthy and challenging environment, putting at risk physical and mental health. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation, predisposition to depression, and job satisfaction with sociodemographic, occupational and suicide risk factors among nursing professionals from the emergency and emergency sectors of regional hospitals in Rio Grande From north. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 56 nurses and 91 nursing technicians (n = 147) from the Public Hospitals of the Network of Emergency and Emergency Care of the II, IV and VII URSAP / RN. Data collection took place from January to November 2017, using four instruments: Socio-demographic, Occupational Characterization and Risk Factors for Suicide, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, Satisfaction Scale in the Work by Martins. Data were entered in a Microsoft Excel® v.2016 worksheet and checked by double entry. Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. The software SPSS v.20 and Package R v.2.7.1 were used. The level of significance was 5%. The research project was approved by CEP / UFRN under Opinion No. 1,877,910 of December 21, 2016 and CAAE: 62824216.6.0000.5537. Results: Suicidal Ideation (IS) was identified in 4.8% (n = 7) of the participants, and depressive states - minimum: 86.4% (n = 124), mild: 12.2% (= 18), moderate: 1.4% (n = 2). Mean overall satisfaction at work: 85.7% (n = 126) indifferent, 10.9% (n = 16) satisfied, 2% (n = 3) dissatisfied and 14% (n = 2) very dissatisfied. There was a statistically significant relationship between: IS and the variables sexual orientation (p = 0.006), low self-esteem (p-value = 0.010) and depressive states (p = 0.012). Depressive states and last training on emergency situations (p = 0.041), evaluation of family relationship (p = 0.012), self report of low self-esteem (p = <0001) and hopelessness (p = 0.001); Average overall job satisfaction with average length of service in the emergency and emergency area (p = 0.016), living with the family (p = 0.015) and having a family member who attempted suicide (p = 0.024). The adjusted models showed that heterosexuals were 0.60 less likely to develop suicidal ideation when compared to homosexuals (95% CI -0.44-0.83). Those with low self-esteem had 1.17 higher odds of developing IS (95% CI -1.02 - 1.34). Individuals with a poor family relationship (95% CI -3.87-12.30) and low self-esteem (CI 95% -2.07-10.57) were more likely to present mild / moderate depressive status, 1.35 and 4, 76 respectively. Conclusion: It is evidenced that the nursing professionals of this study presented processes of mental illness in the context of the hospital emergency and emergency service. Specifically, suicidal ideation and depressive states have been associated with personal and collective factors of the work environment. It is suggested the development of analytical studies that can mainly evaluate the issues of self-esteem and social support, in order to reach new evidences.