Fabricação local de um protótipo de um bico injetor diesel common rail EURO 5

Abstract

A method was developed to manufacture a prototype of a diesel injector nozzle that meets the EURO 5 standard, in force in Brazil until 2022, using local technology for turning, grinding and electroerosion of metallic materials with the aim of generating mechanical technology that ballast industrial activity of the state. Details related to process evolution, manufacturing process parameters, and adaptations have been documented and are reproducible. A device was built which allowed to perform the internal grinding of the guide hole of the needle of the injection nozzle in a CNC lathe. A positioning device was also built to ensure the pitch and roll angles of the atomizer nozzles in the electroerosion process. A comparative methodology was developed to evaluate the clearance of the needle adjustment in the guide hole of the injector nozzle. After the manufacturing process, the prototypes of injector nozzles were taken to the Metrology Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte to evaluate the cylindricity reached with the adopted methodology, in addition to measure the deviations from the nominal dimensions. The built devices showed effectiveness in their application. The methodologies implemented for manufacturing the prototype of a diesel injector nozzle demonstrated that the turning, internal grinding and drilling steps can be locally performed, but these methodologies can still be improved to reduce the tolerance intervals.