O currículo do corpo em forma educando às mulheres para um modelo de corpo "belo" nas páginas do Facebook

Abstract

This research is a part of the study field of gender and curriculum, in a post-critical perspective, which is close to the post-structuralist theorizations, especially considering Michel Foulcault and the Cultural Studies in Educations. From this reference, I took as the aim of this investigation the curriculum of pages that were available on Facebook, which standardize a certain body type to women as a synonym of health. It’s about the pages Corpo & Saúde, Corpo em Foco e Corpo Esbelto, daily tracked with a gathering of texts and images data, during the period from September 2018 until March 2019. As a general purpose I sought to analyze the curriculum of the investigated pages, its speeches, its subjectifications processes and the woman’s body standardization. As a theoretical-methodological support, I used the virtual ethnography (HINE, 2004), articulated with the the discourse analysis, inspired by Foulcault. The used concepts as analytical tools are: discourse, ways of subjectification, power, rules, regimes of truth, government, self-care, subject positions, technology, post-critical curriculum, media, body, gender, normatization, normalization, differences and cultural pedagogy. During the research I occupied myself with the following question: how do the discourses that speak about the woman’s body, available in the investigated pages curriculums, make they work the subjectivation processes and rules that demand certain types of bodies, considered as beautiful and healthy? To answer better this question, I sought to analyze, in a more specific way, the production of truths about the body, beauty, exercises, food and health; the subject’s positions, demanded of women in the analyzed curriculum, as well as the mechanisms of power, strategies and tactics which seek to standardizer the woman’s body. As main research results, it was possible to undertake that the analyzed contents seeks to normalize a specific body type – the thin body – through a technology named by me as a technology of the standardized body, which is operationalized by tactics and strategies engendered in the curriculum of the shaped body on Facebook pages. The set of tactics and strategies places into practice a discipline of the shaped body, which concerns to a model of the body that presentes a standard considered desirable for glutes, arms, abdomen, breasts and thighs, addressed to women and which must be achieved through a rigid discipline of physical exercises and feeding, once the contents directed to men, teaches that they can presente a misshapen body. It was also possible to highlight that the analyzed curriculum makes available positions of subject to women, identified as a shaped woman mother and a caring woman mother, who seeks to regulate women, specifically post-pregnant women or the ones who have childrens and a husband, to achieve an ideal body. Gender regulation can also be expressed through lessons that teach about the home as a place which brings happiness, therefore, the tasks of taking care of the husband and children, and yet, taking care of herself would be more appropriate for women. With that said, it is possible to affirm that the investigated curriculum acts as a media artifact, that embodies and regulates genders, because the educational lessons directed to women are organized in a different way from those directed at men.