Um elo entre a arquitetura vernacular e a contemporaneidade: a incorporação de culturas e inteligências construtivas tradicionais

Abstract

This dissertation research has as main objective to investigate how traditions in the act of building, present in vernacular architecture, are expressed in architectural works of the contemporary period, associating formal construction technologies with native ones, generating a certain hybridism between the traditional and the modern. However, such works are just vestiges of what would be a conventional conception of vernacular architecture, even following a constructive logic from distant origins. This mixture of opposing constructive elements can occur, at times, in a harmonious way, which contradicts theories about the tendency of vernacular architecture to disappear when in contact with contemporary technologies. These hybrid architectures can also express techniques and methods that bring a regionalist sense by incorporating traditional constructive aspects. In this context, the investigation of the process of adapting vernacular knowledge or knowledge to the present takes place in a schematic, analytical and descriptive way. After all, what traces of these ancient traditions in the act of building can we find? For this, two correlated thematic axes were proposed: Constructive Cultures and Constructive Intelligences, referring to the constructive habits of indigenous groups and their vernacular knowledge passed down from generation to generation. And then, a bibliographical study of the authors who deal with this theme and a survey of architects from different continents who act (or acted) in the 20th and 21st centuries was developed, the works demonstrating the preservation or adaptation of constructive intelligences of vernacular origin. Finally, this research shows that the harmony between these opposing elements can represent a link between aspects of vernacular architecture and formal architecture present in contemporaneity, through the passage of traditional knowledge and the emergence of new knowledge and approaches about the theme. Thus, this research intends to contribute academically and socially in future research on the subject, revealing and emphasizing the importance of understanding the adaptation of traditions in the act of building to contemporary production contexts, its social, cultural and symbolic architectural aspects.