As intervenções no patrimônio cultural pauferrense entre 2012 e 2022: o que se foi, o que permanece e o que poderá continuar

Abstract

The city of Pau dos Ferros is the hub of the Potiguar High West region. In recent years, it has experienced fast growth due to its strong trade and services, which attracts people and investors from other regions. As the city grows, a series of transformations in the buildings and places that make up its cultural heritage has been occurring, causing significant impacts on the landscape, as a consequence of the high number of demolitions and decharacterization of these buildings and places. Therefore, this paper brings as research question: Are the changes that have taken place in the cultural heritage of the city of Pau dos Ferros, with a focus on the architectural scope, whether at the façade or landscape level, influenced by the morphological characteristics of the area where they are located? The general goal of this research is understand the relationship between the morphological characteristics of the areas studied and the impact found on the cultural heritage and landscape between 2012 and 2022. The specific goals are: Understand the historical development of the city and the contexts through which it has passed to identify important elements of the Pauferrense cultural heritage and landscape; register the interventions in the cultural heritage of Pau dos Ferros between the years 2012 and 2022 in 3 different tracks and to identify the regions where the cultural heritage is more degraded and threatened; and Discuss the current state of the Pauferrense cultural heritage from the viewpoint of the population, and thus identify their views of what would be the cultural heritage of the city and their opinions about the changes that occurred in the time frame. The procedures and methods used to achieve the objectives were: literature review, drawing of pictures along the chosen tracks comparing the situation of the cultural heritage in 2012 and 2022, analysis of urban morphology in the tracks, and application of questionnaires to the population of the city. At last, it was concluded that all 3 tracks are already degraded and threatened, in a more eminent way in tracks 1 and 2, mainly due to the predominance of commercial use or the tendency of reduction of residential use. Furthermore, it was noticed through the analysis of questionnaires applied to the city's population that the people are aware of its cultural heritage. However, the material and monumental aspects are often attributed more value than the immateriality, the daily life and the natural and environmental aspects, which are constantly forgotten.