Tradução, adaptação e validação do Chrononutrition Profile - Questionnaire (CP-Q) para a população brasileira

Abstract

Introduction: Chrononutrition is an emerging topic and proposes that dietary intake associated with mealtimes can affect the regulation of the circadian system. In order to assess chrononutritional parameters, it is necessary to obtain detailed information on eating and sleep/wake habits, which are not accessed by a single, specific questionnaire. Objectives: to translate and culturally adapt the Chrononutrition Profile – Questionnaire (CP-Q) to Portuguese and to assess its validity and reliability for the Brazilian population. Methods: Cross-sectional quantitative study. Initially, the translation and cultural adaptation of the CP-Q was carried out, which was proposed for the American population, with the objective of accessing parameters referring to the behaviors and preferences of an individual, both for sleep and wakefulness habits, as well as dietary intake. This step was carried out by two independent translators with mastery in both languages and followed the following steps: translation; synthesis of translations; back translation; expert committee and pre-test. In the validation and reliability stage of the instrument, the following questionnaires were applied: Translated Crononutritional Profile Questionnaire (QPC); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (IQSP); Evening Eating Questionnaire; SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire; MUNICH Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) and 24h Food Recall Questionnaire (R24). The application of the instruments was carried out through the electronic platform of the Google® questionnaire - Google Forms. The validity of the questionnaire was tested by the Spearman correlation test and the reproducibility by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), the significance level adopted for all analyzes was p < 0.05. Results: We evaluated 636 individuals with mean age of 32.4 ± 11.2 years, most of them women (71.3%), single (61.7%), from the northeast region (78.4%), with an anthropometric profile eutrophic (52.3%) and with a mean score of 55.8 SD ± 17.9 quality of life. Sleeping and waking times on work/study days and off days of the QPC showed moderate to strong correlations with the same parameters of the IQSP (r= 0.66 and 0.60; r = 0.78 and 0.72) and of the MCTQ (r=0.86 and 0.83; r=0.72 and 0.79), respectively. The largest meal (Kappa = 0.399), skipping breakfast (r = 0.739), eating window (r = 0.66), nocturnal latency (r = 0.52), and last eating event (r = 0.51) had moderate to strong correlations when compared to R24. The reproducibility, tested between 5 and 10 days after the first application, evaluated by the ICC, proved to be good to excellent in all parameters. Conclusion: The results indicate that the translation and adaptation of the QPC into the Brazilian language was adequate, generating a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess the sleep and eating habits of the Brazilian population.