Correlação matemática visando a otimização da eficiência de caldeiras à biomassa em indústria têxtil

Abstract

Excessive use of fossil fuels for steam production provokes undesirable impacts on the atmosphere and earth's thermal balance. Then, the need for more developed processes arose, providing alternatives both more economical and less aggressive to the environment. The use of biomass as an alternative can be highlighted, as it is a renewable and more economical energy matrix. This study considered two boilers of energy matrix, renewable and ecologically sustainable, i.e.: bamboo wood and pi. The consumption of two boilers of biomass was systematically recorded and collected. Chip consumption and moisture data, such as feed temperature in the water generator and steam production, were measured daily. The main parameters that interfere in the efficiency of the boilers were identified. The obtained efficiency equations presented correlation coefficient higher than 80% and standard deviation less than 0.15. It was possible to estimate the efficiencies for different ranges of humidity at a constant feed water temperature of 86°C. The cost of the produced steam per tons of biomass was estimated. The analyses of the results presented a decay rate of humidity of 70.05 in the period of 14 days. This is a reference basis to the optimization of the steam production process and a suggested step, the implementation of a drying stage before the use of the biomass or to increase the period of storage before the use of the biomass, providing a natural decrease of humidity.