Análise evolutiva da rede de interação dos genes associados a transtornos mentais e comportamentais comparada ao sistema biológico de neurotransmissão

Abstract

Currently, with the amount of data generated by current techniques of experimental molecular biology, such as the sequencing of genomes, proteomes and transcriptomes; a large amount of data has emerged on the basic components that form the complex systems. Bioinformatics plays an important role in the analysis of these data; databases are used to store and organize them. Systems biology integrates not only molecular entities on a specific scale, but also the connections between these molecular components. Sequencing techniques that allowed the determination of the complete genome of a large number of species; the evolutionary studies were expanded to nearby species, culminating later in the evaluation of large amounts of genes or proteins in different species. Using these tools, the following work carried out an evolutionary analysis of genes associated to Mental and Behavioral Disorders compared to the biological system of neurotransmission. We observed that only 5.3% of our group of genes associated with mental and behavioral disorders are directly involved with neurotransmission routes. As well, the genes related to disorders remain at the periphery of the protein-protein interaction network. We also found that in an evolutionary scenario the genes of the disorders have appeared more recently and are still in the process of evolution.