Cumprimento de pena e ressocialização: novos caminhos para homens autores de violência de gênero e a Lei Maria da Penha

Abstract

The violence is a cultural and historical phenomenon found in society as a whole a consequence of the socialization processes and inefficiency of the modern institutions. It is understood as a tool to end conflicts, both in the publicsphere, through State organs and agents, and in the privat esphere, as we see in gender-based violence cases. The violence reaches high figures all over the country and is comprised as a complex phenomenon, hard to interpret and analyze. This dissertation is a study about violence that uses the analyti calcategories of gender and masculinity from the perspective of social conducts, social representations and narratives acquired individually and collectively as its theoretical and conceptual ground.There search begins with the analysis of men Who committed gender-based violence crimes and were serving a sentence at the Centro de Detenção Provisória de Apodi/RN, in Brasil. Studies on gender high light thatgen dermarks are the first to bein ternalized through the process of socialization, defining the gender performance of each individual. As a reflection of a society built on the cultural and ideological patriarchy basis, gender marks will put men in a privileged position and women in a subalternone. The result is violent practices that reinforce this masculine behavior, usually seen as a natural demeanor. Law number 11.340/2006, known as Maria da Penha Law, brought in novations about protection and assistance to women but also changes to wards the application of penalties for men, such as the possibility of creating educational and resocialization. The goal is to refrain these individuals from relapses and transform violent behavior. It is well known that the brazilian legal system has not been able to reduce criminal practices and is inefficient to recovery convicts. Therefore, alternative sentences arouse in the legal doctrine as anoption for the penitentiary system. Trough the Collective Subject Narrative technique, we interviewed men and women involved in gender-violence cases, between 2016 and 2017, in Apodi/RN. From the collected data, we built profiles of these individuals and conductananalysis of the narrative of the collective subject, found ingsupporton qualitative and quantitative methods of research, eagertocomprehend the social representations that define the dominant habitatus inside the social roles given to these men and women. The results reveal that there is no educational program for men convicted of gender-based violence in Apodi/RN and emphasized the presence of alcoholic beverages in all situations of aggression. Violence against women in public space is also rising. It came to the attention that the men studied are not repeat offenders, but this is for fear of returning to prison and not because of a transformation in mentality about violent behavior.