Identificação da microbiota das lesões endo-periodontais: revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Endo-periodontal lesions are a pathological condition that affects both the periodontal and pulpal tissues, either in a combined or individualized manner. Moreover, etiological factors such as microorganisms and contributing elements including malformations, trauma, and root resorptions play an important role in the progression of the disease. Objective: This study aims to present the main findings identifying the microbiology present in endo-periodontal lesions, focusing on assisting dental surgeons in diagnosis and therapeutic planning. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using the PubMed, MedLine, and LILACS databases, employing search strategies with the terms “Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions; Endoperiodontal Lesions; Endodontic-Periodontal Diseases; Microbiota; Microbiome; Microbial” and their equivalents in Portuguese: “Lesões Endodônticas-Periodontais; Lesões Endoperiodontais; Doenças Endodônticas-Periodontais; Microbiota; Microbioma; Microbiano”, using the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”, covering the period from 2003 to 2025, without filters, limits, or language restrictions. Results: A total of 27 articles were selected as potentially eligible for the review. However, 22 articles were excluded due to duplication, restricted access, or lack of relevance to the topic, resulting in 5 articles being included.The presence of Veillonella parvula, Enterococcus faecalis, Filifactor alocis, Parvimonas micra, and Streptococcus constellatus was demonstrated with significant prevalence in both the periodontium and root canals. Other species such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus sanguinis were found in only one of the tissues. Conclusion: The present integrative review demonstrated that the oral microbiome present in the periodontal and pulp tissues of endoperiodontal lesions has similarities with a predominance of microorganisms such as: V. parvulla; E. nodatum; S. Constellatus; P. Micra; E. Faecallis; F. Alocis. From this, the presence of communication between the two tissues is highlighted, requiring multidisciplinary work in the diagnosis, therapeutic planning and conduct.