Obtenção e estudo de um compósito com matriz de resina poliéster e carga de pó da casca de ovo de galinha

Abstract

The use of composite materials has grown mainly from those that present residues in their composition, since the environmental impacts generated by the bad destiny of these materials have worried society. This work presents the study and characterization of a composite material obtained from the mixture of polymer matrix of polyester resin and residues of chicken eggshell. The collected shells were dried and broken to obtain three granulometries (fine, medium and coarse). The matrices used were the orthophthalic and terephthalic polyester resins, being chosen the percentage of residue of 100% in mass in relation to the matrix, as a function of preliminary tests for the diagnosis of composite saturation. The test specimens were constructed and subjected to tests to characterize them through their thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal capacity, diffusivity and resistivity), mechanical (tensile strength, flexural and impact strength) and physical properties (density, moisture absorption and aging). As expected, the proposed composite presented lower mechanical resistance than the matrix, characterizing the residue as filling load. In this way, all the formulations of the composite were applicable in structures that do not require resistance to great efforts. The composite presented superior thermal conductivity to the matrix resins for all the formulations, with thermal conductivity superior to 0,21 W/m.K, being classified as thermal conductor. The apparent density of the composites did not show significant variation in relation to the resin. The higher quality of the composite studied was the reduction of the amount of resin to be used, since the residue dust load can reach 100% in relation to the matrix, reducing the cost of the material obtained for the manufacture of diverse structures.