Formulação e caracterização de compósitos cimentícios leves aplicados a silos prefabricados

Abstract

The storage bins are used for storage of products for a certain period. Food stored can not undergo sudden changes in temperature, which prevents the use of metal silos in tropical regions. Thus, they are commonly made of concrete, reducing the heat exchange from the external environment with the interior. Unlike conventional concrete, lightweight concrete has reduced bulk density and good thermal insulation. The aim of this study was to obtain lightweight concrete formulations reinforced with steel and polypropylene fibers could be applied in the manufacture of silos for grain storage. Traces were formulated containing polypropylene fibers and the polymer fibers containing traces together with steel fiber. For all compositions the same concentrations of additive plasticizer and aggregates were used. The coarse aggregate is composed of two grades of expanded clay, the first between 0 and 5 mm (EA-0500) and the second graduation with between 6 and 15 mm (EA-1506). The fine aggregate used was natural sand with fineness modulus of 2.31. The factor water / cement (FAC) was maintained at 0.40. It was observed that the addition plus 0.4% polypropylene fibers and 0.6% steel fiber resulted in significant reductions in the values of total porosity, void ratio and water absorption, indicating a reduction in the permeability of the composite and probable increased durability. In contrast, the dash containing 0.1% of polypropylene fibers and 0.9% of steel fiber showed the highest values of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. All traits showed resistance above 19.2 MPa and density less than 1000 kg / m³, characterizing them as lightweight structural concrete.