Obtenção e caracterização de um compósito de matriz cerâmica com cargas de resíduos de eps e raspa de pneu para construção de casas populares

Abstract

The use of composite materials in construction has been a line of research quite investigated in Brazil and worldwide. One of the factors justifying this search is the housing deficit of underdeveloped and developing countries. In Brazil this deficit reaches more than 5.4 million homes, approximately 12% of all country households according to IBGE 2012. To contribute to the reduction of this housing deficit presents the study of four formulations of a composite that was obtained from materials conventionally used in construction (cement, gypsum and sand), together with residue of own construction (Styrofoam) tire scrapings and water in order to manufacture blocks with dimensions (79 cm x 28 cm x 10 cm) for building affordable housing using different types of fillings inside the block, such as cans, bottles of mineral water and EPS boards. Was built a room using blocks with the fillings mentioned above in a Public School Christmas and conducted temperature checks on these blocks. They were also performed mechanical, thermal and physical testing to characterize the best formulation. The mechanical strength of the composite for all formulations are classified as sealing masonry below 3.0 MPa. The thermal resistance of the blocks was confirmed by the maximum temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the room built around 8.0 ° C and thermal conductivity nearly equal to the eight holes wall and bottom of the concrete blocks and solid bricks, which demonstrated the feasibility of using blocks made for the intended purpose.