Práticas interativas e complementares grupais nos serviços de saúde da atenção básica: possibilidades de diálogo com a educação popular

Abstract

The Policy of Integrative and Complementary Practices [PNPIC - Política de PráticasIntegrativas e Complementares] was implemented in 2006, through GM Administrative Rule No. 971, contemplating therapeutic practices, such as Homeopathy, Phytotherapy, Acupuncture, Anthroposophic Medicine, Thermotherapy/Cryotherapy, Body Practices/Physical Activity and Techniques in Traditional Medicine, based on the principles of a warm listening, development of the therapeutic bond, integration of the human being with the environment and society, an expanded vision of the health-disease process, global promotion of human care and self-care. Although not instituted by the National Policy, the Collective and Complementary Practices [PIC's] – Práticas Integrativas e Complementares] of collective nature have gradually grown in the health services, due to the local demands and the own demands of the population. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the insertion of Integrative and Complementary Group Practices as a strategy of care and integral health care in basic care and the possibilities of dialogue with popular education. The research had as a scenario the Basic Health Units [UBS] and Family Health Basic Units [UBSF], and, as participants, professionals that carried out group PIC's in the services. In operational terms, we developed the research from the following stages: (a) mapping of health equipment and primary care professionals who developed activities in group PIC's; (b) identification and characterization of group PIC's; (c) conducting interviews and talk wheels; (d) observation-participant in groups of PIC's. The study identified 56 health professionals who develop group PIC's, linked to the following categories: 16 community health agents, 09 nurses, 08 physical educators, 07 physicians, 04 nutritionists, 03 psychologists, 03 nursing assistants, 03 dentists, 02 pharmacists and 01 phonoaudiologist. Among the 66contacted basic care health teams, 22 perform group PIC's, divided into the following modalities: relaxation, meditation, yoga, tai chi chuan, mutual aid groups, taletent, prose group with women, group of embroiderers, group of seniors, group of walks, therapy and art group, storytelling groups, community therapy and theater of the oppressed. Group PIC's work focusing onvaluing interpersonal exchanges among professionals and users, with a comprehensive and interdisciplinary view of the subjects, in order to guarantee a more effective participation and the sharing of knowledge, essential elements in the production of autonomy. In this direction, popular education can be an instrument to reorient attention to health and globality of group PIC's, based on a participatory, creative, dialogic and emancipatory perspective.