Habitação social evolutiva: estratégias de flexibilidade para elaboração de projetos de habitação de interesse social. Uma proposta para Mãe Luiza/Natal-RN

Abstract

In the last years, the housing policy in Brazil has been characterized by an intervention model marked by questionable architectural and urban quality of social housing, especially, when directed to low-income populations. Since the launch of the program named “Minha Casa Minha Vida”- PMCMV in 2009, the main criticism to this model housing program are, especially, regarding to the solutions presented in projects developed for social housing, since it does not consider the needs of several user profiles, neither consider the changes in family structure that have occurred over time. How to develop projects for social housing that attend programmatic needs and dynamics of different types of users? Therefore, this work adresses the issue of social housing architecture, and aims the development of a social housing project, using flexible strategies, presenting as study universe the neighborhood named “Mãe Luiza” located in the city of Natal / RN. For such purpose, a literature survey was made addressing the concept of flexibility applied to social housing project as a way to build a theoretical background on the subject; development of reference studies of housing projects that use strategies and construction techniques applied to programmatic and functional flexibility of the building; identify the profile and demands of users served by PMCMV through the SEHARPE database; analysis of projective conditions necessary for the preparation of the architectural proposal; and the development of different housing typologies and types of flexibility strategies related to collectivity and sociability spaces.