Conversão térmica e termocatalítica da biomassa utilizando materiais mesoporosos para a obtenção de hidrocarbonetos

Abstract

A demand for fossil fuels is high worldwide, generating large environmental impacts in its extraction and burning. Another factor that becomes notorious and discarded of household waste is no environment adding ecological damage. From two pillars, it is necessary to use renewable resources with regard to the biomass of residual vegetable oils. Therefore, this work offers purposes to obtain renewable fuels through pyrolysis in the presence of mesoporous catalysts. As biomass listed for the oil work of aquatic Pachira, commonly called munguba, and frying oil, its reuse is necessary for reuse in fuel sources. As a catalyst, it was used as mesoporous molecular sieves, KIT-6 and MoKIT-6. The catalysts were characterized by: XRD, TGA / DTG, Adsorption and Desorption N2 (BET), FTIR and EDX. It was possible to evaluate the catalyst activity for the frying oil and munguba, by observing that in the heat treatment of the frying oil the lowest activation energies were identified through the temperature gradient and added with the MoKIT- 6, provided lower activation energies in comparison to the other samples analyzed. The TGA-FTIR analysis showed that the temperature of the best products was 400 ºC and it was verified that the biomass samples with MoKIT-6 provided results with better deoxygenation rates. To obtain the bio-oils, the biomasses were submitted to thermocatalytic pyrolysis in a tubular oven and the products obtained were analyzed by:, viscosity and specific mass. In the Py-CG/MS analysis, hydrocarbons were obtained for the following samples: cooking oil + 10% KIT-6 (51.49%), frying oil + 10% MoKIT-6 (56.31%) and munguba oil + 10% MoKIT-6 (55.22%). According to the data obtained experimentally, it can be concluded that the pyrolysis of the biomass in the presence of the incorporated catalyst (MoKIT-6) directs the conversion to hydrocarbons.