Método de prevenção de perdas do tipo making-do, retrabalho e falta de terminalidade em canteiros de obras

Abstract

Lean construction is a production philosophy that seeks to reduce or eliminate wastes in construction processes. Making-do is a category of waste related to the occurrence of improvisations by the work teams. Rework consists of a new execution of a task that has already been executed. Unfinished work refers to the noncompletion of the tasks. The study of wastes in construction is of fundamental importance in improving the performance of construction processes as well as in cost reduction. There are important cause and effect relationships between the categories of making-do, rework, and unfinished work that are often related to failures in management systems that have not prevented the spread of wastes. Thus, the main objective is to propose a method of preventing wastes of the type making-do, rework and unfinished work in construction sites. To do so, the research approach is called Design Science Research composed of five phases: (1) "Problem awareness" in which the knowledge gap was obtained; (2) "Suggestion" of the prevention method; (3) "Development" of the second version of the method, where the refinement of the first version of the method occurred. (4) "Evaluation" consisted in evaluating the practical utility of the second version of the artifact through the focus group with professionals from one of the three companies studied, in this sense some of these assessments were incorporated in the last version of the method; (5) "Conclusion" in this last phase was identified the practical and theoretical contributions. The results obtained in case study 1 and 2 indicated that most of the wastes by making-do were materials / components and the impacts are rework, unfinished work and decrease of productivity. In the case study 3, the informal packages caused by unfinished work are mostly masonry of sealing and internal coating and were the most increase of deadlines and costs had. The main contributions of this study are related to the understanding of the wastes from a systemic perspective from its origin to the impacts on the production system, as well as to make the management systems more robust and to seek the reduction or elimination of wastes in a more effective way.