Escritores potiguares: atos éticos em enunciados sobre a criação literária

Abstract

Writers, as socio-historical subjects, conform their literary work based on a concrete relation with the world of life. In order to defend this thesis, we seek to analyze statements from potiguar authors, in which they deal with their literary activity. The construction of the corpus was based on interviews carried out within the extension project Voice and creation: potiguar writers and their creative processes, whose objective was to bring to the public the processes of construction of texts by writers from Rio Grande do Norte in various literary genres. To undertake the analysis, we take as theoretical framework the dialogical conception of language (BAJTÍN, 1997; BAJTÍN/VOLOSHÍNOV, 1998; BAKHTIN, 1993, 1998, 2008, 2010, 2011a, 2011b, 2013, 2015, 2016a, 2016b, 2017a, 2017b; MEDVIÉDEV, 2016; VOLÓCHINOV, 1995, 2013, 2017). Within this scope, we approach Bakhtinian concepts about language, which involve, above all, the conception of a socio-historical subject, whose origin and sustenance lies in its ethical relation towards the other. From this perspective, we are concerned in: (1) evidencing ethical acts in the statements from the writers analyzed; (2) discussing the axiological positions taken by writers in face of these acts; and (3) interpreting dialogically how these acts and these positions relate to their writing practices. The research has a qualitative nature (FLICK, 2009), since it relies on subjective aspects of the analyzed object (writers' statements) and is centered under a sociohistorical bias (FREITAS, 2002). The analyzes are carried out by means of directions recommended by the Bakhtin Circle for a research methodology with the language. In this type of investigation, it is considered not only the linguistic material, but also the extraverbal aspect of the word, composing a "sociological analysis" (VOLOSHÍNOV, 2013). In this perspective, the language is seen as a construction based on the dialogue between the self and the other, between interlocutors that give feedback, between voices that discuss, repeat themselves, that conjugate, that are, finally, the interaction between subjects. In the end, we consider that the proposed thesis is admissible. In other words, it is possible to say that the analyzed writers are characterized as active subjects, participants in life, constituting, through it, their axiological positions. These positions, in turn, are implied in every literary act, which, like all human acts, is axiologically raised. In this sense, several aspects of the literary exercise, such as choice of themes, writing methods, imagined spectator-readers, language formation, etc. are conformed by ethical acts from concrete subjects.