Análise da cultura de segurança do paciente na perspectiva da equipe de saúde que atua em uma maternidade

Abstract

The concern with patient safety is an issue of increasing importance and has been assuming a privileged space in health services, showing the importance of stimulating a safety culture among its professionals and managers so that all assume responsibility for reducing the occurrence adverse events, improving the quality of care provided. However, it is perceived that there are still many challenges to be overcome and consequently immediate interventions are required to make care safer at all levels of health care. With respect to obstetric services, the importance of working to achieve safe care stems from a reality that still needs to advance in the quality of safety in patient care, since these imply conditions in their work processes that make them errors. In view of the above, the following question arises: What is the level of patient safety in a maternity ward in the municipality of Natal? In order to answer this question, the general objective is to analyze the patient's safety culture from the perspective of the health team working in a maternity hospital. This is a descriptive, exploratory, quantitative approach, developed through the collection of data in an obstetric service, from May to August 2018, using a validated questionnaire entitled "Patient Safety Research in Hospitals ( HSOPSC) "applied with the professionals involved in direct assistance. Statistical software SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze the data, which calculated the percentage of positive, neutral and negative responses for each item evaluated. The research was submitted to the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and obtained approval by means of a consubstantiated opinion of No. 2,655,728 / CAAE n. 85607518.0.0000.5537. The results that showed the highest percentage of positive responses were the cooperation, support, communication between staff and managers, the involvement of managers in relation to patient safety, however, non-notification of adverse events was observed due to fear of a punitive culture, as well as the absence of an inadequate reporting system and human resources, as well as the dissonance between some response that reflects the team's lack of knowledge about the issue and the reality in which they operate. In this study, a regular security culture was shown to be fragile and incipient, necessitating the review and correction of factors that may be contributing to the occurrence of events during the assistance, and to institute urgent mitigation measures focusing on personnel sizing, lack of a Patient Safety Center, the institution of a culture of non-punitive security and actions that sensitize the team to a better understanding of the patient safety issue.