Análise imunohistoquímica do Gata-3 e Il-4 em carcinomas epidermóides de lábio inferior e língua oral

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity, with the lower lip and oral tongue being the most frequent sites. Like all malignancies, SCC has etiology is multifactorial, with strong association with smoking, alcoholism and chronic exposure to solar radiation. At present many studies have turned attention to the role of the inflammatory response in the development and tumor growth, mainly with respect to the cellular immune response. The aim of this study is to analyze the expression of GATA-3 and IL-4 in squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip (SCCLL) and oral tongue (SCCOT). The selected cases were classified according to the WHO histological grading of malignancy and the immunohistochemical analysis of GATA-3 and IL-4 in 57 cases of SCCLL and SCCOT. The results showed statistical significance of GATA-3 in the stromal (p < 0.05) of these lesions and IL-4 in the parenchyma (p < 0.01), in the stroma (p < 0.01) and in the parenchyma and stroma together (p < 0.01). It also showed a positive correlation between the expression of GATA-3 in the parenchyma and IL-4 in the parenchyma (r = 0.438, p = 0.001), between GATA-3 in the parenchyma and IL-4 in the stroma (r = 0.378; p = 0.004), and between GATA-3 in the parenchyma and IL-4 in the parenchyma and stroma (r = 0.348; p = 0.008). Therefore, in all cases, the presence of the Th2 response was observed, implying the opening of new horizons in this area for new studies that may contribute to the understanding of this response in the growth and development of these lesions.