Estudo da adição conjunta da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar e do resíduo cerâmico na produção de tijolos maciços de solo-aglomerante(s)

Abstract

The civil construction and agribusiness industries are under enormous pressure from the improvement of environmental legislation, aiming at the elaboration of processes and products that require less energy production and that can be reused at the end of their life cycle. In Brazilian agribusiness sugarcane is an agricultural product with the lowest production costs in the world. Calcination of sugarcane bagasse generates sugarcane bagasse (CBC) ash which is an environmental liability that can contaminate the soil and groundwater. This reality, concerning the generation of expressive volumes of waste, is repeated in the productive chain of civil construction, especially the losses resulting from the breaking of ceramic bricks, in the transportation, storage and use processes for the construction of masonry without structural purposes. The ceramic residue (RC), from the breaking of the ceramic brick, when comminuted will increase the specific surface of its particles and allow greater reactivity. Therefore, the use of BCC and RC in the process of manufacturing solid bricks of soil-binder (s) is technically feasible due to the possibility of occurrence of pozzolanic activity, that is, the formation of hydrated calcium silicates and aluminates resulting from recombination of the disorganized silica and alumina existing in the same and in the lateritic soil, with the portlandite phase (Ca(OH)2), formed from the hydration of the cement and the chemical constitution of the hydrated lime. This scientific study carried out the mineralogical and chemical characterization of soil, lime, cement, CBC and RC. Then solid bricks of soil-binder (s) with and without 2% and 4% of RC and 2% of CBC were molded and subjected to tests of resistance to simple compression, water absorption and modified durability. The samples that presented the most significant results in the experiments were sent to perform the XRD and SEM tests. The ternary composition soil, 12% cement and 4% RC and the quaternary soil, 12% cement, 2% CBC and 2% RC showed the best results in relation to the aforementioned physical and mechanical properties.