Yamamoto, Maria EmiliaBortolini, Tiago Soares2022-08-302022-08-302012-05BORTOLINI, Tiago Soares. Filiação religiosa como um marcador de grupo em uma variação do jogo dos bens públicos e a influência da personalidade e espiritualidade na cooperação. 2012. 55f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicobiologia) - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2012.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/49223The study of religiosity from an evolutionary perspective is very new and rare among scholars. It is possible to divide scholars between those who hypothesize that religion is a by product of other adaptations and those who posit that religion had an adaptive value for our species. Between the "adaptationists", some believe religiosity to be a cooperation enabler within large groups, since it would work as a group marker. Therefore the aim of this research was to evaluate if religion affiliation would function as an in-group marker in a variation of the public goods game. Besides we assessed the influence of personality and spirituality on cooperative behavior during the game. The sample was composed of 527 undergraduate students from the Federal University of the Rio Grande do Norte. Subjects filled a sociodemographic questionnaire, a personality inventory and a spirituality scale before the participation in one of two experimental conditions. In Game 1 (N=237) there were four ballot-boxes, each one with the inscriptions "Catholics", "Evangelists", "Other religions" and "Atheists" placed behind a folding screen. Each subject received three candy bars that could be donated to any ballot-box. For each three bars donated we told the participants we would add another one after three rounds. After the rounds, all the candy bars in each ballot-box were divided among those who self-reported, in the previous questionnaire, to pertain to the religion orientation correspondent to the ballot-box. Game 2 (N=290) had the same design and rules except by one rule: the students were told that the total amount of candy bars donated would be distributed in another class between those individuais pertaining to each religious orientation corresponding to each ballot-box. Students with religious affiliations and Atheists displayed similar generosity in their donations in both games. In Game 1 individuais donated more to the ballot-box representing their own group; in Game 2 the same was true to all individuais except those pertaining to the "Other religions" group. The best predictor for the ballot-box choice, after a non-parametric regression, was religion affiliation. Considering the total amount donated in a hierarchical analysis regression the best predictors were the type of game played and the Agreeableness personality factor. These results suggest that religious affiliation can be an in-group marker and mediate cooperation contingently, without immediate reciprocity. However, considering the total amount donated, the experimental condition (Game 1 or Game 2) and an individual personality were the most relevant variable. These results support the religion as an in-group cooperation enhancer hypothesis and add a deeper analysis by controlling the total amount donated by the other variables beside religion affiliation and practice.religiãopsicologia evolucionistadarwinismobig fivemasterThesisCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA::PSICOBIOLOGIA