Dela-Savia, Sérgio Luís RizzoLeitão Filho, Adalberto Ximenes2022-06-202022-06-202022-03-25LEITÃO FILHO, Adalberto Ximenes. A ambiguidade do processo de legitimação democrática em Habermas: uma leitura crítica. 2022. 390f. Tese (Doutorado em Filosofia) - Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2022.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/48248The objective of our work is to demonstrate the possibility of conciliation between habermasian proceduralism and the principle of social justice, especially when this is associated with the project of civilization, emancipatory and humanist of Modernity. To this end, we carry out a critical reading of the process of legitimation of Habermas`s theory of democracy, exposed in Law and democracy: between facticity and validity, anchored in ambiguity on the question of social justice. We oppose Habermas's "mature" democratic theory with its broad political perspective, present in the political texts before and after Law and democracy: between facticity and validity, and with the theoretical principles on which it is based, in addition, to avail ourselves of the critical remarks of important commentators and specialized interpreters. Our thesis is that the principle of social justice can be found, and justified, in the premises and in the general perspective of habermasian political theory, which aspires to achieve the ancient promise of the project of a free, equal, just, rational and self-organized society. Habermas's democratic theory on Law and democracy: between facticity and validity lists two sources of legitimation that will be contradicted by him in later texts, where it is emphasized that there would be no democratic legitimacy without social justice. This led us to the following dilemma: does this ambiguity point to a serious contradiction in democratic theory or is it a mere rhetoric, given that Habermas remains true to his central premises? Is it possible to think of a radical democracy and a equal, free and just society without social justice? We must simply abandon the argument about the democratic legitimacy contained in Law and democracy: between facticity and validity? In favour of the position of Law and democracy: between facticity and validity is the finding of fundamental social rights. To their detriment, the excessive criticism of these rights, the rejection of the welfare state and also the absence of a substitute proposal. We argue that the solution of this dilemma involves understanding social rights as essential fundamental rights and the understanding that a political project is also a civilizing project, which as such, does not bear fruit without social sensitivity to others and without the institutionalization of a social state. Our work contributes to fill a gap of an important, hitherto secondary, problem of habermasian political thought, which deals with the essential and urgent reflection on the foundations regulations of democratic legitimacy, so harshly contested in society contemporary.Acesso AbertoDemocraciaLegitimaçãoAmbiguidadeJustiça socialdoctoralThesis