Scortecci, Katia CastanhoCordeiro, Maria Lúcia da Silva2024-02-192024-02-192023-10-24CORDEIRO, Maria Lúcia da Silva. Extratos de Talisia esculenta apresentam compostos bioativos com atividade antioxidante e potencial anti-inflamatório, em modelos in vitro e in vivo. Orientadora: Dra. Katia Castanho Scortecci. 2023. 115f. Tese (Doutorado em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular) - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2023.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/57651Talisia esculenta (Sapindaceae) is an indigenous species endemic to Northeastern Brazil, known as Pitombeira, with economic importance and potential medicinal use. While the fruit can be used as a food source, its remains unkonwn its pharmacological applications and is often discarded without further biotechnological exploration. Traditional folk medicine employs leaf infusions from T. esculenta as medicine for hip pain, rheumatism, and hypertension. However, there is a lack of knowledge ofr its pharmacological efficacy, toxicological profile, and phytochemical constituents. In this context, the aim of this study was to obtain hydroethanolic extracts and infusions of the leaves and fruit peels of T. esculenta, and then perform its phytochemical characterization, measure its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in vitro and its toxicity and antioxidant capacity in vivo. For in vivo analysis it was used two animal models- Tenebrio molitor and Zebrafish. The hydroethanolic extract (70%) and the aqueous extract (infusion) were prepared from the fresh leaves and fruit peels, obtaining the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves (HF), infusion of the leaves (IF), hydroethanolic extract of the fruit peels (HC), and infusion of the fruit peels (IC). Firstly, the antioxidant capacity was assessed using various assays: Total Antioxidant Capacity (CAT), DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, and copper chelation. The extracts had their cytotoxic effect assessed by the MTT assay and it was analyzed their effect on cell migration and antioxidant capacity using NHI/3T3 cell line. As the extracts IF and HC were selected for further investigation on their effects on T. molitor and for the phytochemical characterization by quantifying the content of phenolics and flavonoids and analyzing them by CLAE-DAD (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection). This work also analysed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of all the T. esculenta extracts on the RAW 264.7 (macrophage strain). In addition, the protective effects of T. esculenta extracts were investigated using models of oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and CuSO4 and ascorbate in Zebrafish, based on the analysis of levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These assays indicated that both extract types exhibited effective radical scavenging capabilities and a high capacity for copper ion chelation. It was observed that T. esculenta extracts had no effects on MTT reduction or cell migration. Furthermore, these extracts protected cells from oxidative stress induced by both CuSO4 and ascorbate. Survival analysis showed that IF and HC exhibited no toxicity at the evaluated concentrations. Moreover, these extracts mitigated the effects of CuSO4 exposure on T. molitor larvae. Specifically, an increase in larval survival was observed when treated with these extracts compared to the positive control. Additionally, a reduction in melanization was verified in the animals. The CLAE-DAD analyse revealed the presence of compounds mostly from the flavonoid class, and the presence of gallic acid, quercitrin and rutin was identified. In RAW 264.7 cell assays, the extracts demonstrated no cytotoxicity as per MTT tests and effectively mitigated oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in macrophages. However, only HC was able to reduce nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the protective effects of T. esculenta extracts on H2O2 and CuSO4 and ascorbate-induced oxidative stress model in zebrafish were also investigated based on the analysis of ROS levels by fluorescence microscopy. All extracts reduced ROS levels in larvae exposed to H2O2, however a significant reduction was verified for HF, IF and HC, which were statistically equal to the negative control. All samples reduced ROS levels in the CuSO4 and ascorbate-induced stress model. Considering all above, these findings suggest that T. esculenta can be a promising source of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and it may have an interesting potential biotechnological applications.Acesso AbertoSapindaceaeEstresse oxidativoTenebrio molitorPlanta medicinalZebrafishdoctoralThesisCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS