Langassner, Silvana Maria ZucolottoSilva, Larissa Marina Pereira2022-11-252022-11-252022-08-22SILVA, Larissa Marina Pereira. Determinação da melhor condição de cultivo para obtenção de um extrato rico em flavonoides das folhas de Moringa oleifera Lam.: estudo fitoquímico, de toxicidade e da atividade anti-inflamatória in vitro. Orientador: Silvana Maria Zucolotto Langassner. 2022. 156f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos) - Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2022.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/49910Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae), popularly known as moringa or white acacia, native to India, is currently cultivated in several countries around the world, and distributed in many regions from Brazil. It is a fast growing perennial plant, with significant content of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and proteins. All parts of the plant are utilized (seeds, leaves, fruits, branches and roots) medicinally, ornamentally, industrially or for food for human and animal use. It can also be an alternative source for the improvement of drinking water quality and for fertilization in the cultivation of other plant species. However, when it comes to therapeutic use, the leaves are the most used part of the plant, mainly to prevent and treat diabetes. However, the problem regarding the therapeutic use of M. oleifera is that there is no definition of the chemical composition content to ensure the safe and effective use of derivatives of the species. Within this context, the present work aimed to standardize the culture conditions and optimize the extraction conditions to obtain a flavonoid-rich extract from M. oleifera leaves, evaluate the in vitro and in vivo toxicity, and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. It was also part of the thesis to compare different samples of moringa commercialized in Brazil and the United States. For this, initially, the study of different soil cultivation conditions (mineral fertilization, mineral fertilization + organic compost, mineral fertilization + charcoal, and the control, soil without fertilization) and two harvesting seasons (dry and rainy) of the leaves of the species M. oleifera was developed, aiming to identify the best condition to obtain the highest content of flavonoids in the leaves. The extraction process was then optimized to concentrate the flavonoids. This optimized extraction method was applied to samples from different growing and harvesting conditions to select the most promising sample. All extracts were submitted to analysis of total content of phenols, flavonoids, sugars and proteins, yield analysis and chromatographic profile by ultra-efficient liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (CLUE-EM/MS). The extract from the condition of cultivation with mineral fertilization was the one with the highest content of phenols, flavonoids, proteins and good yield, being selected for the next steps of the study. In the analysis by CLUE-EM/MS, it was possible to characterize the eigth majority substances predominantly from the flavonoid class, with the prevalence of flavonol type of core. Cytotoxicity and oral toxicity (acute and repeated doses) of the optimized flavonoid-rich extract were evaluated. And was observed safety for acute use until a dose of 2,000mg/kg and subchronic use at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Finally, a comparative analysis was made of the extracts of all culture conditions against commercial samples that were purchased in Brazil and the United States, and a comparison between plant drug (pulverized dried leaves) and plant derivative (plant extract). A visual comparison was made, of chemical profile by CLAE-DAD and by in vitro biological activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, with two macrophage cell lines. The results showed great variation visually and between the phytochemical profiles of the commercial samples, regardless of the country of their commercialization. And the phytochemical and in vitro activity evaluation showed better results for the vegetal extrat samples, compared to the vegetal drugs. This set of results contributes to the quality control of the optimized extract of M. oleifera leaves, to the future characterization of the species' chemical markers, and the development of a standardized process to obtain products with quality, efficacy and safety for the population.Acesso AbertoMoringa oleiferaCultivoFlavonoidesControle de qualidadeInflamaçãoSegurançadoctoralThesisCNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE