Gonçalves, Weber AndradeSilva, Helder José Farias da2019-05-132019-05-132019-02-28SILVA, Helder José Farias da. Análise dos efeitos do desmatamento na evapotranspiração e na microfísica das nuvens utilizando dados de sensoriamento remoto para Amazônia. 2019. 99f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Climáticas) - Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2019.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/27085The Amazon forest plays an important role between the continent and the Earth's atmosphere as far as energy flows are concerned. In addition, it contributes to regional scales in the genesis and maintenance of atmospheric circulation, becoming an important source of humidity, thus contributing to rainfall in other parts of South America. Studies have shown that large-scale deforestation can lead to changes in the thermodynamic characteristics of the lower atmosphere of the regional and global climate. Currently, the research focuses on understanding the potential for future deforestation and the feedback mechanisms between deforestation, burning and drying. However, a more detailed description of deforestation impacts on evapotranspiration (ET) and microphysics of clouds at basin scale is required. Needing, in this aspect, more studies that can evaluate these characteristics in more depth in deforested regions in the Amazon. This research proposed to analyze the microphysics of the clouds and ET inserted in the state of Rondônia, southwest of the Brazilian Amazon, based on spectral data extracted from orbital sensors in order to generate comparative statistics of these components between forest and non-forest regions, considering the current level of deforestation. Additionally, we sought to analyze the use of a logistic regression model to create deforestation maps in Amazonia based on ET fields. Orbital ET data and land cover type data from the MOD16 product and the PRODES project were used, respectively, considering the period from 2000 to 2014. The data of the microphysical parameters of the clouds were extracted from the TMI sensors and the PR radar of the products 2ACLIM and 2A25, respectively. From the TMI the parameters considered were: Integrated Rain Water Path (RWP), Ice Water Path (IWP), Convective Precipitation (CP), Surface Precipitation (SP) and Frozen Precipitation (FP), while the parameters of 2A25 were: Freezing Height (FH) and Rain Type (RT). Relay data from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission were also used to complement the analyzes. Regarding the impacts of deforestation, the analyzes indicated that ET of deforested areas decreased by an average of 28% in the dry season and increased by 4% in the rainy season. The differences observed in the rainy season were not significant (p-value> 0.05). Unlike the dry season, which presented statistical significance (p-value <0.05). In general, the results suggest that the MOD16 data can provide a good representation of the ET change for large areas of the Brazilian Amazon. The logistic regression analysis showed that the spatial pattern of deforestation can be identified by biophysical factors such as ET with an accuracy of up to 87%. Regarding the analysis of the microphysical parameters of the cloud, the results indicated that, in general, the local relief influences the microphysical parameters being more pronounced from 721 meters, regardless of the surface type. In addition, the level of local deforestation produced significant increases (p-value <0.05) in the RWP and IWP parameters of 11 and 13%, respectively, and reductions for CP, SP and FP parameters ranging from 7.9 to 9.2% (p-value <0.05) which were associated with changes in the occurrence of convective rainfall in deforested regions that favor the production of ice crystals and rainfall, but with less precipitation due to lower availability of moisture and carbon black performance. While for the FH and RT parameters, no significant changes were observed. However, slight increase for FH and higher frequency of convective type rainfall in deforested areas were observed. These results suggest that the microphysical structure of the cloud as well as ET present themselves with distinct characteristics when related to forest and deforested areas in the study region, agreeing with the observed changes in cloud patterns and quantitative precipitation due to deforestation in the Amazon evidenced by research.Acesso AbertoMOD16TRMMRegressão logísticaBiosferaRondôniadoctoralThesisCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA: CIÊNCIAS CLIMÁTICAS