Azevedo, George Dantas deFigueiredo, Alexandre Medeiros de2021-06-212021-03-29FIGUEIREDO, Alexandre Medeiros de. Impacto das políticas educacionais na redução das iniquidades de acesso ao ensino médico e na distribuição de médicos no Brasil. 2021. 145f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2021.https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/32742Public policies to expand access to higher education and changes in medical education to respond to the health needs of the population have been implemented in recent decades in Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the impact of these policies in reducing inequities in access to medical education and in expanding the number of physicians working in Primary Care and in municipalities with a higher risk of shortage of physicians. Secondary data were used referring to characteristics of graduates of medical courses, characteristics of medical schools, socioeconomic and health system characteristics of the municipalities. In the analyzes carried out, we evaluated the change in the ratio of undergraduate medical places, physicians per inhabitants ratio and the expansion of under-represented groups in the medical workforce. Between 2010 and 2018, 19,519 medical undergraduate vacancies were created in all regions of the country (120.2% increase), with an increase of 113,702 doctors in the medical workforce, 74,771 in the Unified Health System. There was an increase in the physicians per inhabitant ratio. The 2013-2015 triennium was the period with the greatest increase in physicians per inhabitant ratio in municipalities at risk of scarcity. Municipality in countryside that implemented medical courses showed increases in the physicians per 1,000 inhabitants higher than municipalities with similar characteristics, demonstrating the effectiveness of this measure in retaining physicians. Policies to expand access to higher education have expanded access for under-represented sectors of the population in medical schools, with the quota policy having the greatest impact on expanding racial and economic diversity in medical schools. Physicians who were beneficiaries of these policies were more likely to practice in municipalities with less than 20 thousand inhabitants, with a Low Human Development Index (HDI) and in Primary Care, four years after graduation. Physicians from municipalities with less than 20 thousand inhabitants or with a lower HDI were also more likely to work in municipalities with characteristics similar to the place of birth.Acesso AbertoForça de trabalhoEducação médicaÁrea carente de assistência médicadoctoralThesis