DMOR - Departamento de Morfologia

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/1/10

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Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil
(MDPI, 2021-01-04) Ribeiro, Susana Barbosa; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de; Oliveira, Maisie Mitchele Barbosa; Silva, Alaine Maria dos Santos; Silva Júnior, Arnóbio Antônio da; Guerra, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo; Brito, Gerly Anne de Castro; Leitão, Renata Ferreira de Carvalho; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de; Garcia, Vinícius Barreto; Vasconcelos, Roseane Carvalho; Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de
Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by the presence of severe ulcers in the oral region that affects patients treated with chemotherapy. It occurs in almost all patients who receive radiotherapy of the head and neck, as well as patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation. The pathophysiology of OM is complex, and there is no effective therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone-loaded poly(D,L-Lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (PLGA-DEX NPs) on an OM model induced in hamsters. The NPs were synthesized using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method and were characterized by the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, atomic force microscopy, physicochemical stability, and the in vitro release. The OM was induced by the administration of 5-FU on the first and second days and mechanical trauma on the 4th day of the experiment. PLGA-DEX NPs were administered to treat OM. The animals were euthanized on the 10th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed, measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) and ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immunoexpressions of NF-κB, COX-2, and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the GILZ, MKP1, and NF-κB p65. The PLGA-DEX NPs (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological scores, decreased MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunostaining for NF-κB, COX-2, TGF-β, and suppressed NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, but increased GILZ and MKP1 expression
Effects of metformin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of periodontitis
(Charles P. Darby Children's Research Institute, UNITED STATES, 2017-08-28) Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de; Pereira, Aline de Sousa Barbosa Freitas; Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de; Brito, Gerly Anne de Castro; Leitão, Renata Ferreira de Carvalho; Araújo, Lorena de Souza; Guedes, Paulo Marcos Matta; Hiyari, Sarah; Pirih, Flávia Q.; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de
Aim To evaluate the effects of metformin (Met) on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis. Materials & methods Male albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups of twenty-one rats each, and given the following treatments for 10 days: (1) no ligature + water, (2) ligature + water, (3) ligature + 50 mg/kg Met, (4) ligature + 100 mg/kg Met, and (5) ligature + 200 mg/kg Met. Water or Met was administered orally. Maxillae were fixed and scanned using Micro-computed Tomography (μCT) to quantitate linear and bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) volumetric bone loss. Histopathological characteristics were assessed through immunohistochemical staining for MMP-9, COX-2, the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway, SOD-1, and GPx-1. Additionally, confocal microscopy was used to analyze osteocalcin fluorescence. UV-VIS analysis was used to examine the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, IL-1β and TNF-α from gingival tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR reaction was used to gene expression of AMPK, NF-κB (p65), and Hmgb1 from gingival tissues. Significance among groups were analysed using a one-way ANOVA. A p-value of p<0.05 indicated a significant difference. Results Treatment with 50 mg/kg Met significantly reduced concentrations of malondialdehyde, IL-1β, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). Additionally, weak staining was observed for COX-2, MMP-9, RANK, RANKL, SOD-1, and GPx-1 after 50 mg/kg Met. OPG and Osteocalcin showed strong staining in the same group. Radiographically, linear measurements showed a statistically significant reduction in bone loss after 50 mg/kg Met compared to the ligature and Met 200 mg/kg groups. The same pattern was observed volumetrically in BV/TV and decreased osteoclast number (p<0.05). RT-PCR showed increased AMPK expression and decreased expression of NF-κB (p65) and HMGB1 after 50 mg/kg Met. Conclusions Metformin, at a concentration of 50 mg/kg, decreases the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.
Libidibia ferrea presents antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant effects in a colorectal cancer cell line
(Elsevier, 2017-08) Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de; Guerra, Andreza Conceição Véras de Aguiar; Soares, Luiz Alberto Lira; Ferreira, Magda Rhayanny Assunção; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Medeirose, Juliana Silva de; Cavalcante, Rômulo dos Santos; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de
Colorectal cancer is noted for being one of the most frequent of tumors, with expressive morbidity and mortality rates. In new drug discovery, plants stand out as a source capable of yielding safe and highefficiency products. Well known in Brazilian popular medicine, Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz var. ferrea (better known as “ironwood” or “jucá”), has been used to treat a wide spectrum of conditions and to prevent cancer. Using methodologies that involved flow cytometry, spectrophotometry and RT-qPCR assays, crude extracts of the fruits of L. ferrea (20T, 40T, 60T and 80T) were evaluated at 24 h and/or 48 h for: their ability to inhibit cell proliferation; induce apoptosis through Bcl-2, caspase-3 and Apaf-1; their antioxidant activity and effects on important targets related to cell proliferation (EGFR and AKT) in the HT-29 human colorectal cancer lineage. The results revealed high antiproliferative potential as compared to the controls, induction of apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway, and probable tumor inhibition activity under the mediation of important targets in tumorigenesis. In addition, L. ferrea revealed antioxidant, lipid peroxidation and chemoprotective effects in healthy cells. Thus, L. ferrea derivatives have important anticancer effects, and may be considered promising candidate for colorectal cancer therapy.
Zirconia/hydroxyapatite (80/20) scaffold repair in critical size calvarial defect increased FGF-2, osteocalcin and OPG immunostaining and IL-10 levels
(American Journal of Translational Research, 2020-01-15) Vasconcelos, Roseane Carvalho; Ferreira, Camyla; Araújo, Eduarda Medeiros de; Motta, Fabiana Villela da; Delmonte, Mauricio Roberto Bomio; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de; Paiva, Daniel Felipe Fernandes; Pirih, Flavia Q.; Silva, José Sandro Pereira da; Chan, Alan B.; Cruz, Luis J.; Ishii, Makiko; Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de; Guerra, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de
The aim of this study was to characterize and evaluate zirconia/hydroxyapatite in a critical size calvarial defect model in rats. Zirconia/hydroxyapatite (80/20) scaffold was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Critical size (8 mm) calvarial defects were created in wistar rats (n=48) and divided into four groups (90 days): G0 Group: positive control; G1 Group: hydroxyapatite; G2 Group: Zirconia; G3 Group: Zirconia/hydroxyapatite (80/20). Calvaria were subjected to Micro CT, histological and immunohistochemical analyses (RANK, RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin and FGF-2). IL-1 beta, IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels were analyzed by Elisa Immunoassay. The XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a crystalline structure and SEM showed the presence of regions corresponding to Zirconia and Hydroxyapatite. The Micro CT showed increased bone volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) in the G3 group (P<0.05). In addition, discrete periosteal bone formation was found at the interface of the defect edge and the external surface of the scaffold in the G3 group, showing osteocytes inside and osteoblasts (P<0.05) with scarce mononuclear inflammatory cells (P<0.01) in the central region of the defect. The immunostaining was moderate for RANKL, Osteocalcin and FGF-2 in the G3 group (P<0.5), while it was intense for OPG (P<0.001). IL-1 beta levels were decreased and IL-10 levels increased (P<0.05). Zirconia/hydroxyapatite (80/20) scaffold repair in critical size calvarial defects increased bone density, osteoblast and osteoclast cell numbers, FGF-2, osteocalcin and OPG immunostaining and IL-10 levels

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