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Navegando por Autor "Bauck, Aubrey"

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    Artigo
    Intestinal permeability and inflammation mediate the association between nutrient density of complementary foods and biochemical measures of micronutrient status in young children: results from the mal-ed study
    (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2019-10) Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima; McCormick, Benjamin J. J.; Murray-Kolb, Laura E.; Lee, Gwenyth O.; Schulze, Kerry J.; Ross, A. Catharine; Bauck, Aubrey; Lima, Aldo Ângelo Moreira; Kosek, Margaret N.; Seidman, Jessica C.; Ambikapathi, Ramya; Bose, Anuradha; John, Sushil; Kang, Gagandeep; Turab, Ali; Mduma, Estomih; Bessong, Pascal; Shrestra, Sanjaya; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Mahfuz, Mustafa
    Background: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is thought to increase the risk of micronutrient deficiencies, but few studies adjust for dietary intakes and systemic inflammation. Objective: We tested whether EED is associated with micronutrient deficiency risk independent of diet and systemic inflammation, and whether it mediates the relation between intake and micronutrient status. Methods: Using data from 1283 children in the MAL-ED (Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health) birth cohort we evaluated the risk of anemia, low retinol, zinc, and ferritin, and high transferrin receptor (TfR) at 15 mo. We characterized gut inflammation and permeability by myeloperoxidase (MPO), neopterin (NEO), and α-1- antitrypsin (AAT) concentrations from asymptomatic fecal samples averaged from 9 to 15 mo, and averaged the lactulose:mannitol ratio z-score (LMZ) at 9 and 15 mo. Nutrient intakes from complementary foods were quantified monthly from 9 to 15 mo and densities were averaged for analyses. α-1-Acid glycoprotein at 15 mo characterized systemic inflammation. Relations between variables were modeled using a Bayesian network. Results: A greater risk of anemia was associated with LMZ [1.15 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.31)] and MPO [1.16 (1.01, 1.34)]. A greater risk of low ferritin was associated with AAT [1.19 (1.03, 1.37)] and NEO [1.22 (1.04, 1.44)]. A greater risk of low retinol was associated with LMZ [1.24 (1.08, 1.45)]. However, MPO was associated with a lower risk of high transferrin receptor [0.86 (0.74, 0.98)], NEO with a lower risk of low retinol [0.75 (0.62, 0.89)], and AAT with a lower risk of low plasma zinc [0.83 (0.70, 0.99)]. Greater nutrient intake densities (vitamins A and B6, calcium, protein, and zinc) were negatively associated with EED. Inverse associations between nutrient densities and micronutrient deficiency largely disappeared after adjustment for EED, suggesting that EED mediates these associations. Conclusions: EED is independently associated with an increased risk of low ferritin, low retinol, and anemia. Greater nutrient density from complementary foods may reduce EED, and the control of micronutrient deficiencies may require control of EED. Am J Clin Nutr 2019;110:1015–1025
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    Artigo
    Micronutrient intake and the probability of nutrient adequacy among children 9–24 months of age: results from the mal-ed birth cohort study
    (Public Health Nutrition, 2020-07) Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima; Antiporta, Daniel; Ambikapathi, Ramya; Bose, Anuradha; Mahopo, Cloupas; Patil, Crustal L.; Turab, Ali; Olortegui, Maribel Paredes; Islam, Munirul; Bauck, Aubrey; McCormick, Benjamin J. J.; Caulfield, Laura E.
    Objective: To estimate the total energy and micronutrient intakes of children 9– 24 months of age and evaluate the probability of adequacy (PA) of the diet in seven MAL-ED sites. Design: Cohort study. Food intake was registered monthly using 24-h recalls beginning at 9 months. We estimated PA for thirteen nutrients and overall mean PA (MPA) by site and 3-month periods considering estimated breast milk intake. Setting: Seven sites in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Participants: 1669 children followed from birth to 24 months of age. Results: Median estimated %energy from breast milk ranged from 4 to 70 % at 9–12 months, and declined to 0–39 % at 21–24 months. Iron bioavailability was low for all sites, but many diets were of moderate bioavailability for zinc. PA was optimal for most nutrients in Brazil and South Africa, except for iron and vitamin E (both), calcium and zinc (South Africa). PA for zinc increased only for children consuming a diet with moderate bioavailability. MPA increased 12–24 months as the quantity of complementary foods increased; however, PA for vitamin A remained low in Bangladesh and Tanzania. PA for vitamins D and E and iron was low for most sites and age groups. Conclusions: MPA increased from 12 to 24 months as children consumed higher quantities of food, while nutrient density remained constant for most nutrients. Ways to increase the consumption of foods containing vitamins D, E and A, and calcium are needed, as are ways to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc
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