Navegando por Autor "Gavioli, Elaine C."
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Artigo Nitroprusside single-dose prevents the psychosis-like behavior induced by ketamine in rats for up to one week(Elsevier, 2015-03) Maia-de-Oliveira, Joao Paulo; Soares, Bruno Lobão; Ramalho, Thais; Gavioli, Elaine C.; Soares, Vanessa Paula; Teixeira, Leslie; Baker, Glen B.; Dursun, Serdar M.; Hallak, Jaime E.C.Recently, we found a rapid and long-lasting improvement of symptoms in schizophrenic patients on antipsychotics after a single four-hour infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor with a short half-life. This improvement persisted for up to 4 weeks. Because these patients remained on antipsychotics after infusion of SNP was finished, the question arises about whether this improvement was due to SNP itself. We have now investigated whether SNP, alone, can produce preventive antipsychotic effects in rats treated with ketamine (KET). 56 adult rats divided into 7 groups were infused with SNP 4 mg/kg, KET 25 mg/kg, or saline as follows: group1 — saline, group2 — SNP, group3 — KET, group4 — KET 12 h after SNP, group5 — KET 1 day after SNP, group6 — KET 2 days after SNP, and group7 — KET 1 week after SNP. The animals were filmed in an open field arena for 30 min and the videos were later analyzed by ANY-Maze software to measure activity and stereotypy. SNP significantly prevented the emergence of hyperactivity induced by KET when it was administered for up to 1 week before KET, and prevented the emergence of stereotypies when it was administered for up to 1 day before KET. These findings in rats, which have an even faster metabolic rate than humans, suggest that the long-lasting effects observed in our clinical trial with SNP in humans could have been due to SNP itself, and indicate for the first time that SNP may present preventive antipsychotic effects.Artigo Nociceptin/orphanin FQ induces simultaneously anxiolytic and amnesic effects in the mouse elevated T-maze task(Springer, 2014-10-16) Asth, Laila; Correia, Nataly; Soares, Bruno Lobão; Lima, Thereza C. Monteiro de; Guerrini, Remo; Calo', Girolamo; Soares-Rachetti, Vanessa P.; Gavioli, Elaine C.Studies have shown a close relationship between anxiety and aversive memory processing, but few animal models are suitable for investigating the effects of a given compound on anxiety and memory simultaneously. A growing body of evidence suggests anxiolytic and amnesic effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ). The mouse elevated Tmaze (ETM) has been shown to detect the effects of drugs on anxiety and memory at the same time. In this study, the effects of intracerebroventricular N/OFQ injected before or immediately after training session were assessed in the ETM task. When pretraining injected, N/OFQ 0.1 nmol significantly decreased the latency to enter an open arm in the training session compared to control, which is suggestive of anxiolysis. In addition, N/OFQ (0.1 and 1 nmol) significantly reduced the latency to enter an open arm during the test session compared to control, thus suggesting memory impairments. However, when N/OFQ was administered posttraining, it did not affect memory retrieval. No alterations in locomotion were detected in N/OFQ-treated mice in the open field test. In conclusion, these findings are discussed considering the simultaneous anxiolytic and amnesic effects of N/OFQ.