Navegando por Autor "Patra, Kalicharan"
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Artigo OLM interneurons differentially modulate CA3 and entorhinal inputs to hippocampal CA1 neurons(2012-11) Leão, Richardson Naves; Mikulovic, Sanja; Leão, Emelie Katarina Svahn; Munguba, Hermany; Gezelius, Henrik; Enjin, Anders; Patra, Kalicharan; Eriksson, Anders; Loew, Leslie M; Tort, Adriano Bretanha Lopes; Kullander, KlasThe vast diversity of GABAergic interneurons is believed to endow hippocampal microcircuits with the required flexibility for memory encoding and retrieval. However, dissection of the functional roles of defined interneuron types has been hampered by the lack of cell-specific tools. We identified a precise molecular marker for a population of hippocampal GABAergic interneurons known as oriens lacunosum-moleculare (OLM) cells. By combining transgenic mice and optogenetic tools, we found that OLM cells are important for gating the information flow in CA1, facilitating the transmission of intrahippocampal information (from CA3) while reducing the influence of extrahippocampal inputs (from the entorhinal cortex). Furthermore, we found that OLM cells were interconnected by gap junctions, received direct cholinergic inputs from subcortical afferents and accounted for the effect of nicotine on synaptic plasticity of the Schaffer collateral pathway. Our results suggest that acetylcholine acting through OLM cells can control the mnemonic processes executed by the hippocampus.Artigo A role for solute carrier family 10 member 4, or vesicular aminergic-associated transporter, in structural remodelling and transmitter release at the mouse neuromuscular junction(2015) Patra, Kalicharan; Lyons, David J.; Bauer, Pavol; Hilscher, Markus M.; Sharma, Swati; Leão, Richardson Naves; Kullander, KlasThe solute carrier and presynaptic vesicle protein solute carrier family 10 member 4, or vesicular aminergic-associated transporter (VAAT), was recently proven to have a modulatory role in central cholinergic signalling. It is currently unknown whether VAAT also affects peripheral cholinergic synapses. Here we demonstrated a regulatory role for the presynaptic vesicle protein VAAT in neuromuscular junction (NMJ) development and function. NMJs lacking VAAT had fewer branch points, whereas endplates showed an increased number of islands. Whereas the amplitude of spontaneous miniature endplate potentials in VAAT-deficient NMJs was decreased, the amplitude of evoked endplate potentials and the size of the readily releasable pool of vesicles were both increased. Moreover, VAAT-deficient NMJs displayed aberrant short-term synaptic plasticity with enhanced synaptic depression in response to high-frequency stimulation. Finally, the transcript levels of cholinergic receptor subunits in VAAT-deficient muscles were increased, indicating a compensatory postsynaptic sensitization. Our results suggested that VAAT modulates NMJ transmission efficiency and, as such, may represent a novel target for treatment of disorders affecting motor neurons.