Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social
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Doctoral Thesis "Fazendo a luta": trajetórias, resistências e lutas de mulheres lideranças quilombolas no Rio Grande do Norte(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-03-31) Lima, Ivanildo Antonio de; Schwade, Elisete; Lopes, Paulo Victor Leite; Navia, Angela Mercedes Facundo; Porto, Rozeli Maria; Antunes, Marta de Oliveira; Freire, Maira Samara de LimaThe visibility given to studies on quilombola communities is a recent construction, resulting from the processes of identity reconstruction of the groups, the struggle for rights and the recognition of these populations by the Brazilian State through the 1988 Constitution. In Rio Grande do Norte, the emergence process ethnic group begins in the 2000s with the joint work of the Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA), the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte State in the preparation of Anthropological Reports, allowing the emergence of numerous quilombola groups fighting for the titling and recognition of territories by these occupied groups. The moment is characterized by the flowering of a questioning about the lack of records of the quilombola populations in Rio Grande do Norte, as historians such as Luís da Câmara Cascudo, stated that the black people did not have a great influence on culture and on the formation of the state, influencing negatively the production of studies on the black presence in RN State. Taking into account the production in Anthropology, realizing a lack of theoretical discussions in dealing with quilombola issues, some researchers trained in the PGGAS started to deal with the subject, mainly, dialoguing about general aspects related to the theme, little being discussed the role of women in these territories marked by struggles and resistance. Realizing that there is a gap in Anthropology studies on the role of quilombola women within their territories, this thesis aims to dialogue with women who act as quilombola leaders in Rio Grande do Norte and from their trajectories as local representatives, seek to understand the central role of these leaders in the struggle for the territories to which they belong. Thus, I established a dialogue with five quilombola women from different communities in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (Capoeiras, Grossos, Gameleiras de Baixo, Boa Vista dos Negros and Moita Verde). With the support bibliographical research, interviews and the use of the trajectories of life of these interlocutors, seeking to understand the Daly life of the women surveyed.Doctoral Thesis Famílias em transição: uma etnografia sobre relacionalidade, gênero e identidade nas vidas trans(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-12-16) Novo, Arthur Leonardo Costa; Valle, Carlos Guilherme Octaviano do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7578005376543804; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4952-4000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3340838098485319; Navia, Ângela Mercedes Facundo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-5763; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9174852118966092; Melo, Juliana Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8969-2474; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4328813707663376; Porto, Rozeli Maria; Oliveira, Leandro de; Oliveira, Luciana Maria Ribeiro deThis research aims to understand how family relations of transgender men and women change through their gender transition, investigating processes and practices of relatedness in gender and family relations. Research subjects were mothers of transgender children, as well as transgender men and women, with whom I recorded in-depth interviews and whose lives I followed during 14 months of ethnographic fieldwork in João Pessoa, Paraíba, between 2018 and 2019. Fieldwork sites were government agencies and institutions of public policies for travestis and transexuals, and a medical ambulatory of the public health system that provides specialized care for gender transition. I also followed the activities of an association of families and parents of gays, lesbians, and transgender people called Mães pela Diversidade (Mothers for Diversity), participating in mutual-help meetings, gatherings, parades, protests, and other kinds of events. I analyse how families became active participants in their children’s gender transition as they learned and acknowledged different discourses and knowledges, participated in institutions, and interacted with specialists such as medical doctors and psychologists. I also considered differences and particularities between families with transgender young children and those of transgender men and women. Gender transition’s effects overflow beyond the individual experiences of those who transition, moving transgender people’s families to create new ways to relate and interact with each other. It creates disruptions as well as transformations in identities, memories, and family ties.Master Thesis Políticas de resistência e de saúde: um estudo sobre problemas de saúde e práticas de autoatenção na comunidade indígena Tapuias Tarairiús da Lagoa de Tapará - Macaíba/RN(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-11-12) Mendonça, Roberto Carlos Nunes Queiroz de; Neves, Rita de Cassia Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9446999089598991; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7168636032811783; Valle, Carlos Guilherme Octaviano do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7578005376543804; Vieira, José Glebson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0513632032515079; Oliveira, Kelly Emanuele de; Lopes, Paulo Victor Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7595515282110283; Maluf, Sônia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8292062616231105This research was carried out with the indigenous people Tapuias Tarairiús from the Tapará lake, located on the border of the municipalities of Macaíba and São Gonçalo do Amarante, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Over the years, the Tapará community has faced health problems due to socio-environmental issues, such as deforestation, underground contamination, among others. According to the interlocutors, those issues are directly related to the group's health and well-being. To solve these broader health problems, the community has been demanding the demarcation of its traditional territory with FUNAI. Simultaneously, there are effective internal actions to intensify the use of self-attention practices, as well as promoting actions aimed at accessing public policies on indigenous health. Those action are proposed in the legislation and were not yet implemented in the Tapará community. Therefore, the research aims on the understanding of the multiplicity of problems and meanings of health in a group composed mainly of women. Methodologically, we used data such as interviews and field diaries, which were collected onsite during fieldwork, as well as materials collected in university extension workshops. All data was collected between 2017 and 2021. Finally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, I used social networks to access people in the community and continue with the actions remotelly.Master Thesis O que é “ser polícia”?: tensões, continuidades e rupturas na Polícia Civil(2019-11-25) Brito, Ana Cláudia de Carvalho; Melo, Juliana Gonçalves; ; ; Freitas, Eliane Tânia Martins de; ; Cardoso, Marcus André; ; Neves, Rita de Cássia Maria; ; Suassuna, Rodrigo Figueiredo; ; Porto, Rozeli Maria;This dissertation proposes to try to identify and understand, through participant observation and mapping speeches and interviews, evidence of continuities and ruptures in the practices and values of the Civil Police, specifically the RN. The work is structured in three chapters. In the first chapter I have some considerations about the investigative activity of the Civil Police and its legal provision. Later I present some reports told by the civil police themselves, about the formation of the Civil Police of RN. In the second chapter, when focusing on field data, I analyze the categories found. The analyzes led me to believe that the Civil Police's “sense of existing” is still grounded in secular paradigms of “fighting the enemy” and sacrifice. Despite this, it was also possible to see that the Civil Police are beginning to outline new ways of acting and representing themselves. Still, that the activity of this group has been marked by tensions and by relations of continuity and discontinuity, generating uncertainties for itself, in what it means to “be a police” and in how they measure their work. In this sense, the police inquiry, considered by civil police officers to be “the heart of the activity of the Civil Police”, has always been seen as practically the only means of quantifying the work of the CP, which has caused them dissatisfaction lately. Such discontent, added to other factors, has caused reflections in the ways of “being” and “being” of the Civil Police in contemporary times. I observed this, particularly in the Civil Police of RN, whose corporation has undergone changes in the last decades, although these transformations have further favored the increase in these tensions. In this perspective, I conclude that conditions exist for the denaturalization of old assumptions, thus, the third chapter presents some projects, national and state, aimed at modernizing the PCs, emphasizing that these movements have been advancing, but that there has been a retreat in recent years.Master Thesis Identidade cigana, projetos de vida e lazer nos circuitos de vaquejada na Paraíba(2018-07-11) Braz, Izabelle Aline Donato; Vieira, José Glebson; ; ; Navia, Ângela Mercedes Facundo; ; Neves, Rita de Cassia Maria; ; Goldfarb, Maria Patrícia Lopes;The objective of this study is to analyze the re-elaboration of the ethnic identity of members of a Roma family residing in the city of Campina Grande / PB. The work revolves around a gypsy team or entitled "gypsy group" that competes in the vaquejada circuits and that is constituted by three gypsies of the family Targino Cavalcanti. The research consisted, in the first instance, of revisiting journalistic material about the family in order to reconstruct the trajectory of Gypsies between the years of 1970 and 1990, more precisely in the event described and described as "war or gypsy saga." Accessed reports published several stereotypical images about this family, which have repercussed until nowadays in the silences and avoidances by the non-gypsies and the cover-up in some situations by that gypsy family. In a second moment, the research sought to understand the insertion of the Targino Cavalcanti gypsies in the vaquejada circuit and to describe the elaborations and concretizations of life projects from leisure, consumption and relationship with animals. Finally, the objective was to understand some questions concerning interethnic relations between Roma and non-Roma, exposing the representations of non-Roma towards Roma. Through this, it was possible to perceive a distinct form of being gypsy in front of the other gypsies located in the interior of the Paraíba. Based on these questions, we recover some anthropological approaches such as identity, ethnicity, relationship with animals, leisure, consumption and life projects.Master Thesis Emoção e penalidade: mulheres no Complexo Penal Dr. João Chaves(2015-03-02) Santos, Leonardo Alves dos; Melo, Juliana Gonçalves; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4328813707663376; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0892031526979306; Vieira, José Glebson; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0513632032515079; Oliveira, Luís Roberto Cardoso de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2935371042756080; Neves, Rita de Cássia Maria; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9446999089598991The current work was made from a field research at Dr. João Chaves Penal Complex female ward. Female inmates and prison guards were interviewed. This work has the objective of comprehend the influence of emotions in a specified period in the interviewed life stories, from the beginning of their life crimes to their everyday life in the prison. The manuscript is structured in three parts. The first brings up the debate (in historical and social terms) about the relation between woman and the prison system, in a national and local scale. The second and the third part were written with the intention to scrutinize the two central questions that guided this work: 1) what are the influences of emotions in a crime and justice perception? 2) What is the role of the affection and power relation in a prison everyday life? The second part examined the insertion process of the inmates in a total institution. Herein, I analyze the forms and motivations that led the woman to crime and prison. In the context, I address the love feelings, humiliation and indignation through two distinct examples, the former from the idea of insulto moral (moral insult) and the latter from the term amor bandido (prison love). The third part of this work discusses the relationship rules among the female inmates and prison guards. At a first instance, I debate the internalization process of the rules and its practice, approaching the role of who does the normative coercion and who is subjected to it. Afterwards, I present how the homosexual relationship occurs inside a prison, even this practice being disencouraged and susceptible to punishment. In the last chapter, I study some forms of control practiced at the establishment, analyzing the methods and objectives. At last, I present some final consideration discussing over themes approached in the current manuscript and the answers found through anthropological investigation.Master Thesis Viver e esperar viver: corpo e identidade na transição de gênero de homens trans(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015-11-25) Rego, Francisco Cleiton Vieira Silva do; Porto, Rozeli Maria; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2743599189433997; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4438529628551741; Braz, Camilo; ; Schwade, Elisete; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7195821721383755This work seeks to understand how trans men build their identities and live the transsexual experience in the relationships they establish daily onto “man” category. It could be observed that for it they engenders a specific gender transition in the midst of male transsexuality. Despite being under a complex amalgam of relations of exploitation and disciplinary domination, ways of being man are brokered for a living and entry into spaces where they are expelled for not conform the bodies that gender norms require. It is understood that gender transition is a process at the same time of organic and prosthetic body management and the assumption of your own identity. Thus, they build a politic of identity that creatively fixes a person's category as rights holder. The "transition" is therefore to transact from nonexistence to a place of humanity. This dissertation describes how this process takes place in the experiences of the speakers, observing the practices that bring out the male, front of class positions on the labor market, access to health, hormonization and own identity. Thereby, theories that fix them as expressing female masculinities or marginal to the hegemony do not find exactitude in their lives. The research methodologically started performing "multilocated ethnographies" that gave possibilities to in-depth interviews with 15 stakeholders from the Northeast, Midwest, Southeast and South of Brazil. Between 2014 and 2015, from the applying of network technique to the first dialogues in research, it was possible to build a participant observation by the trans men’s everyday life. Wherewith I was capable to behold their own private activities, as well as their public agency amid a trans activism collective in northeast, and the follow-up actions in which they were involved during the XII Encontro Nacional em Universidades de Diversidade Sexual e de Gênero (ENUDSG) held in Mossoró/RN. Therefore, the thesis engages to describe and understand the different ways of constructing trans male gender transitions in access to transsexuality and therefore a way of explaining their own trajectories in terms of people that exist as such, even though in the midst of narratives marked by emotions linked to "not live", to suffering and dehumanization.Master Thesis A céu aberto: garimpando a memória e a identidade dos mineradores de Brejuí(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014-06-02) Bezerra, Ângela Maria; Cavignac, Julie Antoinette; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2111200163433960; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4983493841788848; Freire, Maria José Alfaro; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8892792689697679; Eckert, Cornélia; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7446126566413577The Brejuí Mine, situated in the municipality of Currais Novos (RN), was responsible for the local economy growth between the years of 1943 and 1990, causing the interest of miner's working class to its urban center. After the end of scheelita extraction, the mine became a "theme park", in 2004. The company left its mark on the city by building several monuments in reference to the mining activity and the company's founder, Tomaz Salustino. However, there are no written records that describe such activities on its early years, nor their pioneers in the mining subject. Therefore, it is important to investigate the miner’s memories and ask if, along the more than five decades that lasted the heyday of mining, an identity linked to the profession was built; the extent to which workers make reference to this history as membersand what are the symbols that are being triggered in the development of a working class identity. Further, I investigate what memory was mad concerning the pioneers, mostly farmers attracted by miner work. To do so, I make use of audiovisual archival resources and oral records of the interlocutors that were filmed in the preparations of the documentary “Lembranças de velhos garimpeiros". We have noticed that, in the script of the official history of the Brejuí Mine, the "boss" figure overlaps the workers and that the forms patronage, originated from the rural world, followed punctuating the social relations in the mine. Today, with the resumption of the mining activity, it is possible that the strengthening of the working class and the Seridó miner identity desire reborn.Master Thesis Aqui o nativo é o caboclo... : O processo de construção da identidade cabocla em Mirandas/RN(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011-10-04) Silva, Susana Rolim Soares; Chianca, Luciana de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4264064005369443; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4460157818800424; Melo, Juliana Gonçalves; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4328813707663376; Goldfarb, Maria Patrícia Lopes; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1054567387128478; Lopes Júnior, Edmilson; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4703249P4Ce travaille de dissertation (Master) est le résultat de trois ans de travaille auprès de Mirandas, endroit situé à 22 kilomètres de la ville de Caraúbas, région ouest de l Etat du Rio Grande do Norte. Pendant cette période, on a compris que les habitants de Mirandas se identifient et sont identifiés pour les autres comme des caboclos , catégorie de classification que dans le discours courant, soit à Mirandas ou dans la siège de la municipalité, a des rapports avec la vision que les tous premiers habitants de Mirandas sont venus de la ville du Cabo , dans l Etat de Pernambuco. Et pourtant ; l usage qu a été fait de cette version a fini pour cacher des éléments qui ont défini l identité de Mirandas, tel comme la probable descendance indigène que parfois est actionnée dans les narratives qui montrent des rapports entre les portugais et des femmes indiens qu ont été pris à casco de cavalo (cheval) . (MACÊDO, 2010; CAVIGNAC, 2003). Donc, cette ethnographie porte à la lumière des éléments que sont utilisés pour les mirandenses pour définir leur identité. Cette identité peut être bien visualisé a partir des éléments que les caboclos font des signes diacritiques (BARTH, 1998; OLIVEIRA, 1976), bien comme des rapports établis entre les habitants de Mirandas et ces de Caraúbas. Des rapports qui ont rendu possible les manifestations d affinité et de conflits et que, donc, nous aide à entendre comme cette identité se réactualise dans ces rapports d union et opposition que les mirandenses construisent avec les caraubenses. Cela arrive dans les rapports territoriaux, économiques et de façon plus marquante, dans les rapports religieux.