Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil
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Master Thesis Estudo de misturas compostas por resíduos de scheelita e diferentes tipos de solos destinados a pavimentação(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2022-07-27) Souza, Gian Melo de; Amorim, Enio Fernandes; Anjos, Marcos Alyssandro Soares dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7386-3956; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3436413268425331; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5142588140211673; França, Fagner Alexandre Nunes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-622X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6854485206744906; Araújo, Renato Samuel Barbosa deOver time, the need to reuse solid waste increases to reduce the environmental impacts caused by its storage. Mining is an activity that generates a significant volume of tailings that result from the ore beneficiation process. The scheelite beneficiation process causes a high amount of waste and its largest Brazilian deposit is located in the municipality of Currais Novos/RN, in the scheelite province comprising the Brejuí, Barra Verde, Boca de Laje and Zangarelhas mines. Thus, this research intends to analyze the use of these residues of the coarser, fine and benefited types in mixtures with three local soils, for application in layers of pavements for adequate disposal of these residues. From data obtained in previous research with processed scheelite residues, fine and coarse optimized mixtures were obtained to verify possible classification in granulometric gradings of national and international standards with residue proportions of 20, 40 and 60 %. The results showed that the mixtures of waste with Soil 01 had more significant effects because this composition has a coarser granulometry and zero plasticity, demonstrating a greater potential for use in road paving works. However, Solo 02 and Solo 03 did not allow compliance with the analyzed regulations due to their higher proportions of fine materials and greater plasticity. In view of its use as a material for pavement base layers, the mixture of Solo 01 with 20% of processed waste made it possible to fit into Ranges “D” and “E” of national and international standards and all mixtures with 20% of thick residue allowed the framing in the “E” lanes, so that these proportions revealed a qualitative potential for use in road works.Master Thesis Desempenho técnico de misturas de diferentes tipos de solos com RCD para uso em obras de pavimentação(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2020-03-27) Barreto, Alisson Cabral; Amorim, Ênio Fernandes; ; ; Ingunza, Maria Del Pilar Durante; ; Araújo, Renato Samuel Barbosa de;The growth of the urbanization process in the last decades has caused an increase in the activities of the civil construction industry and, consequently, an increase in the generation of waste arising from this process. The waste from construction and demolition of civil works (CDW) represents the majority of the volume of waste that is generated in large urban centers, and it is necessary that an appropriate destination be carried out to mitigate the environmental impacts and the social problems that they cause. Based on these factors, several researches were carried out in different regions of Brazil and the world in order to use this residue as an alternative material in paving works. Given this context, this work aims to analyze the use of CDW associated with different types of soils from three regions of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, aiming at its use in paving works. The experimental program was carried out using CDW samples obtained from a private company, and soil samples extracted from three large regions in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The laboratory investigation methods were based on physical characterization, compaction, CBR and grain break analysis tests. For that, the percentages of CDW of 25%, 50% and 75%, by mass, were added to the soils, in order to verify the benefit that this increase can cause in the characteristics of the materials. The results obtained show that depending on the percentage of residue and the type of soil, the increase of CDW to the soil causes the CBR values to rise and improve the properties of the samples. Thus, the replacement of part of the natural material by CDW is a potential alternative for application in paving works.Master Thesis Uso de rejeito do beneficiamento de granito para substituição parcial de um solo em camadas de pavimentação(2019-07-30) Santos, Natalia Medeiros dos; Ingunza, Maria Del Pilar Durante; Amorim, Enio Fernandes; ; ; ; Santos Júnior, Olavo Francisco dos; ; Souza, Marcondes Mendes de;The pollution produced by mining activity is one of the main issues discussed in today's society. Global concern on the subject raises mainly from the consequences endured by the planet, encouraging the adoption of effective and less damaging measures to the environment. Environmental issues caused by mining tailings generated at the granite processing stage are evidenced in the local context. The mining tailing used in this study originates from a mineral deposit encountered in the Seridó region of Rio Grande do Norte state, more specifically located between Caicó and São Fernando cities. Therefore, this study aims to partially replace the local soil with the incorporation of a mining tailing from granite processing in the proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% to the final mixtures of the paving layers. Trials were conducted at the Soil Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) and NUPPRAR/UFRN in order to assess chemistry, mineral, physical and mechanical properties. The obtained results demonstrate that only the sample containing 10% of a mining tailing from granite processing (AM03) was efficient to the three types of paving layers (base, subbase and subgrade). The analysis of the other samples presented exceptions related to the CBR results or to the expansion. Furthermore, it was appraised the results of a simulation concerning economic feasibility of the sample that presented the best performance based on the cost of a road paving work auctioned by the Infrastructure Superintendency – INFRA/UFRN. The soil replacement in subgrade and base layers by the material accounted at zero cost caused a reduction of less than 1% of the total value of the work. Although the partial replacement of the soil by 10% of AM03 presents a low-cost reduction, the incorporation of such sample to the final mixture is sustained by environmental benefits that do not encumber the total value of the work.Master Thesis Aplicação de concreto asfáltico a quente utilizando resíduos da construção e demolição de obras (RCD) em via urbana na cidade de Natal/RN(2019-03-25) Queiroz Neto, Manoel Lindolfo; Amorim, Enio Fernandes; França, Fagner Alexandre Nunes de; ; ; ; Silva, Moacir Guilhermino da; ; Conciani, Wilson;The construction industry is responsible for the high generation of solid waste that is discarded in nature, contributing to the degradation of the environment. On the other hand, the construction sector is one of the main components of the Brazilian economy and its productive chain brings together a set of activities that mobilize more than 12 million people, about 13% representing the workforce in the country (FIESP, 2017). At the global level, the building materials industry is expected to grow by two and a half times between 2010 and 2050 (UNEP, 2002). In Brazil, the construction sector is expected to double in size until the year 2022 (CEBEDS, 2009). It is noteworthy that it is crucial to take measures aimed at the management of solid waste through cultural and technological changes, aiming to meet the needs of a society increasingly enlightened and demanding in relation to the preservation of the environment. This work presents a proposal for the application of construction and demolition waste (RCD) as recycled aggregates in the manufacture of asphalt coating, as an alternative to the use of these materials. The work method employed consisted of the collection of residual material in the company TcPav, carrying out characterization tests in accordance with the standard standards in the area of paving in the national scope, besides DRX, FRX and dosage by the Marshall method. Then an experimental section was made using a market trace, adapted for use with RCD. In this trait was used recycled aggregate containing gravel 1 and sand replacing the same aggregate of the natural type in the coating layer. From the proposed experimental program it was observed that the residual aggregates had a good potential of their use in hot asphaltic coatings based on the analysis of the specimens under the volumetric parameters, the Marshall dosage and the experimental section. As for the experimental section, it was observed that in the initial months of monitoring a detachment of the ceramic aggregates present on its surface was observed. However, such detachment has not compromised to the point of damaging the coating, so that the asphalt pavement continues to perform satisfactorily the functionality for the vehicles which travel therethrough.Master Thesis Caracterização geotécnica do resíduo da lavra de pegmatitos graníticos granulometricamente reduzidos(2017-11-30) Costa, Victor Pinheiro da; França, Fagner Alexandre Nunes de; Ingunza, Maria Del Pilar Durante; ; ; ; Freitas Neto, Osvaldo de; ; Pereira, Alexandre da Costa;Mining activity, as any process of extraction of natural resources, causes impacts to the environment, either in regard to changes in natural areas through their exploitation or in the generation of waste arising mainly from their mining and processing. Assuming that mineral resources are limited and that the construction industry is responsible for the consumption of up to 50% of all mineral resources exploited on the planet, it is imperative to develop techniques for the reuse of mining waste in construction since reducing the use of natural resources and the accumulation of waste would minimize the impacts caused to the environment. In this research it is proposed an adequate disposal of the residues from the pegmatitic feldspar of Parelhas / RN region by means of their inclusion in geotechnical works. For this, the sterile pegmatitic feldspar (REFP) was subjected to a granulometric treatment process, obtaining a material with 100% passing through the sieve 𝑛. 4 (4,8 mm). Subsequently, it was submitted to physical, chemical, mineralogical and mechanical characterization tests. It was characterized as non-plastic and well graded silty sand with a gravity weight equal to 2,66 g/cm3 and non-uniform granulometry. The results of X-ray diffraction test showed a high percentage of silica (64,13%) and aluminum (15,08%), with a low content of total alkalis (10,62%) and a high content of iron oxide (5,25%) in relation to the chemical requirements for its use in the ceramic and glass industries. It was designated as an A-2-4 material by the TRB (Transportation Research Board) classification, which has excellent penetration support capability and can be used when compressed under modified energy and optimal conditions (𝑝𝑑𝑚á𝑥 𝑒 𝑤ó𝑡 ), as a base element in pavements with N <5x106 . However, a loss of 50% of its penetration support capacity (ISC) was observed for moisture content equal to 𝑤ó𝑡 ± 1, revealing the need for a rigorous control when applied as pavements. Regaiding the direct shear tests, the compacted samples showed cohesion values and friction angle at peak shear stress ranging from 15 to 8 kPa and 53 to 43 degrees respectively for the normal, intermediate and modified compaction efforts and normal stress up to 200 kPa. The inundated condition did not cause measurable changes in the values of the peak shear stress; however, it resulted in lower residual shear stress. The REFP was presented as a material of low compressibility, and it did not demonstrate expandable or collapsible behavior when inudated to the stress levels applied in this research. Permeability tests conducted with samples compacted under optimum conditions in the normal, intermediate and modified compaction efforts, demonstrated that the REFP is medium permeable (1,28x10-2 – 1,56x10-2 cm/s). REFP presented 83% of pozzolanic activity, a result that can be satisfactory in mortars, concretes, soil-cement and improved soils. Technically, the residue presented properties that satisfy its use in earthworks and/or mixtures with binder elements; however, further studies are necessary to evaluate the energy cost required for its granulometric processing and the influence areas of its location to validate its applicability in such segmentsMaster Thesis Avaliação de misturas de solo de resíduo de polimento de porcelanato para emprego em obras rodoviárias(2016-08-26) Silva, Filipe Bruno dos Santos; Costa, Carina Maia Lins; Pereira, Alexandre da Costa; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5259454403464034; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6483888857335060; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1637686097864616; Costa, Yuri Daniel Jatobá; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6737841388506901; Silva, Jefferson Lins da; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8552490126963442The solid waste management has become a constant challenge in the modern society as a result of the increase in industrial production. This scenario is also a fact in Brazilian industries, including those producing ceramic materials. The polishing step in the production of porcelain tiles in ceramic industries produces large amounts of a residue consisting of ceramics remains, water and traces of abrasive discs used in the polishing step. This residue corresponds to a white powder of fine grain and variable chemical composition, known as Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue (RPP), and it was collected in a company located in Conde / PB. In this study, blends of a sandy-clayey soil and RPP were evaluated for use in road construction. Different dosages of residue were studied, specifically, 0% (pure soil) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 40%, added in relation to the dry mass of soil. The materials were evaluated conducting tests to determine Atterberg limits, grain size distribution and specific solid weight. In addition, compaction tests, tests to determine the CBR (California bearing ratio) and oedometer consolidation tests were also carried out. A plate load test was also conducted in the laboratory with the 10% blend. Because of the chemistry of the material, a preliminary study was conducted on the influence of pozzolanic activity on the results. Finally, an environmental analysis was performed based on the collection and chemical analysis of solubilized extract obtained from a sample of pure residue. The mechanical tests were conducted under inundated conditions, in order to reduce the influence of soil suction. The evaluation of the California Bearing Ratio was made using normal and modified proctor energy. The tests showed a reduction of the average resistance of the blends compared to that of the pure soil. For the consolidation tests, it was observed that the blend with 5% of RPP had a smaller deformation than the specimen of pure soil in the same stress values, unlike the others mixtures which were more deformable. The results of the plate load test showed that the 10% blend presented a lower bearing capacity than the pure soil and the 5% blend, with bigger settlements for the same stress values. Considering all the data obtained in this research, it can be said that the residue did not significantly change the mechanical behavior of soil to levels up to 10% of RPP. For higher values, there is a worse mechanical performance. However, depending on the intended use in road construction, this behavior does not preclude the application of mixtures with more than 10% of RPP. In fact, all studied mixtures can be considered as potential materials for road construction. The pure soil and 5% blend compacted using the modified energy can also be used as sub-base material for pavement layers. The other mixtures can be used as subgrade improvement layer, if their CBR value is higher than the subgrade in question. Regarding the chemical analysis of the solubilized extract of the residue, it was observed the concentrations of the studied parameters were below the limits suggested by Brazilian standard NBR 10004.Master Thesis Caracterização de resíduos oriundos do beneficiamento do minério de ferro para uso em pavimentação(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015-02-25) Dantas, André Augusto Nóbrega; Ingunza, Maria Del Pilar Durante; Chaves, Leonardo Flamarion Marques; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4009299441957625; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1925954531585024; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3443223409799104; França, Fagner Alexandre Nunes de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6854485206744906; Amorim, Enio Fernandes; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3436413268425331Mining in Brazil has a key role in economic and social development, contributing directly to improve the lives of the population. However, the mining activity even if done responsibly and with a proper study of waste management to reduce the impact of its effects, may cause harmful damage to the environment. Other forms of pollution are also caused due to mining activity. The visual pollution caused by the waste storage at open sky, in addition to the noise pollution caused by the excessive noise of the machines both in the extraction of ore, as in processing. An alternative way to lessen the environmental impacts caused by mining is the use of waste in layers that will compose the pavements along the highways. Thus, this work sets out to give a proper disposal of the wastes from the processing of iron ore, resulting from the mining activity of the group of mining Mhag Services and Mining S/A, in the mine of Bonito, located in Jucurutu, a town in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The residues of the iron ore were stabilized with a granular soil from the city of Macaiba, also in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, which is being used in the duplication of the BR-304 referring to the entitled passage of Reta Tabajara. The present work was developed in three stages, being the first one divided by the chemical and mineralogical tests, by the tests of physical characterization and by the tests of paving for the residues of the iron ore. The second stage corresponds to the same tests being performed for granular soil. The third stage includes the essays abovementioned for three different mixtures of iron ore waste and granular soil, being they: 15% of iron-ore waste and 85% of granular soil, 25% of iron-ore waste and 75% of granular soil, 50% of iron-ore waste and 50% of granular soil. The technical feasibility of using waste from the iron ore beneficiation was checked, compressed in the intermediate energy and modified for use in base layers, sub-base, reinforcement subgrade and subgrade. The incorporation of the residues originating from the improvement of the iron ore in highways will provide an alternative to the use of aggregate conventionally used in the paving, besides preserving the environment.Master Thesis Utilização do resíduo grosso do beneficiamento da scheelita em aplicações rodoviárias(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014-05-30) Gerab, André Tabosa Fernandes de Santa Cruz; Ingunza, Maria Del Pilar Durante; Santos Júnior, Olavo Francisco dos; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1573496204231636; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1925954531585024; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5165882760939926; Ribeiro, Luis Fernando Martins; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4739413536925106; Severo, Ricardo Nascimento Flores; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8346360266500368Mining is an activity of great economic and social value, assisting in the development of the country. However, it can be extremely harmful to the environment if no proper waste management study exists as mitigation measure its effects. Sample some of these harmful effects are pollution: water, through the seepage of waste into the groundwater; soil; of fauna and flora; sound (due to the noise of machines); visual from the residue stored in the open, changing the local landscape; and air. One way to mitigate environmental impacts caused by mining is the proper management of their waste through their use on highways. To that end, this paper proposes to give an appropriate destination to grit coming from the beneficiation of scheelite, due to mining activity from mining group Tomaz Salustino in Brejuí mine, located in the city of Currais Novos in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This work was developed in four stages. The first comprised the chemical and mineralogical tests, DRX and FRX in which they sought to discover the composition of the material studied. The next step involved the physical characteristics of the waste by means of specific tests and grinding the solid mass, LL and LP. The third stage included the specific tests applied to the pavement, with the compaction test and test Index Support California. Finally, the fourth stage was the mechanical characterization, represented by direct shear tests, both in the flooded condition and not in flooded condition. The technical feasibility of using the modified energie compacted in layers of subbase power has been verified. In normal and intermediate energies is feasible to use less noble as layers as the subgrade. The incorporation of the waste in layers of road pavements provide an alternative to conventionally used in paving aggregates, providing a proper disposal of tailings from scheelite, as well as environmental preservation