BDTD - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações
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Master Thesis Atividade anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva dos extratos brutos e frações de Eugenia uniflora e Libidibia ferrea in vivo(2017-06-29) Falcão, Tamires Rocha; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de; Guerra, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5677318431530876; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3531154240424211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9703962688376811; Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2929963416385218; Batista, Leônia Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0601720493634706The species Libidibia ferrea belongs to the family Fabaceae, popularly known as pau-ferro or jucá, being used in traditional medicine as antibacterial, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Eugenia uniflora belongs to Myrtaceae family, being known as pitanga, popularly used in the treatment of diarrhea, inflammation, hyperglycemia and hypertension. An analysis of medicinal plants as a source of new drugs for the treatment of several diseases, and involvement of the inflammatory process in numerous diseases, and strong indications of pharmacological activity associated with the presence of bioactive substances present in these species, With the aim of evaluating an anti-inflammatory and antimociceptive activity of the crude extracts and phrases of Libidíbia ferreira and Eugenia uniflora, through the model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis, hot plate test and abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid in Swiss mice Species Mus musculus. From crude and crushed vegetable materials, crude extracts and Eugenia uniflora fractions (crude aqueous extract, aqueous fraction, hexane fraction and ethyl acetate fraction) and Libidibia ferrea (crude aqueous extract, extracts Crude extracted with ethanol 20, 40, 60 and 80%, fraction ethyl acetate and aqueous fraction). The chromatographic analyzes of the extracts and the fractions allowed to separate and identify the gallic acid hydrolysable tannins, with retention time of approximately 8.7 minutes, and ellagic acid, with retention time of 25.1 minutes, also detected the flavonoid myricitrin, Confirmed With the chromatographic data of the standards. In the evaluation of leukocyte migration, the crude extract fractions of Eugenia uniflora and Libidibia ferrea at doses of 50 mg / kg, 100 and 200 mg / kg reduced the number of inflammatory cells to the site of inflammation (p <0.001), comparing the treated groups With the positive control group. The decrease in the cellular influx was accompanied by a decreased marking of myeloperoxidase activity, reduction of MDA, and showed protection against glutathione depletion (p <0.001). The administration of the crude extracts and fractions produced a peripheral antinociceptive response in all the doses tested, reducing the number of product contours by means of an acoustic in mice, but demonstrating little central analgesic activity, being evaluated by the hot plate test. The results indicate that these plants are anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. However, other studies are indispensable for the elucidation of its pharmacological properties, studies of inscription analysis and toxic properties.Master Thesis Aplicação de nanopartículas de quitosana com potencial de adjuvante na produção de soro contra o venneno do escorpião Tityus serrulatus(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012-02-27) Soares, Karla Samara Rocha; Silva Júnior, Arnóbio Antônio; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2593509584288129; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2929963416385218; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5082737295031509; Fonseca, José Luis Cardozo; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788562T6; Pereira, Wogelsanger Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4661963400736302In Brazil, several species of scorpions are known to cause accidents which can lead to death, which are mainly belonging to the genus Tityus. The scorpion Tityus serrulatus is the main responsible for more severe cases. Anti-scorpion serums are routinely produced by various institutions, despite their effectiveness, quality and action depends on how quickly treatment is started. Studies have been developed in the search for appropriate technologies to encapsulate and release recombinant or natives proteins capable of inducing antibody production. In this context, chitosan copolymer which can be obtained from the partial deacetylation of chitin or in some microorganisms and it is biocompatible and biodegradable has been widely used for this purpose. This study aimed to search for a system release from chitosan nanoparticles for peptide / protein of the venom of the scorpion T. serrulatus, able to provide a new model of immunization in animals, in order to obtain a potential novel polyclonal serum, anti-venom T. serrulatus. The chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation with polyanion tripolyphosphate (TPP). After standardizing the concentrations of TPP and chitosan was evaluated the efficiency of incorporation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and scorpion venom, showed particle size compatible with the intended purpose. The particles showed adequate size around 200nm. The crosslinking was confirmed by absorption spectroscopy in the infrared. After verified the high encapsulation efficiency (EE) for acid bicinconínico method (BCA) protein assay and the particle size distribution, the success of the technique was proven and the potential for in vivo application of nanoparticles. The experimental animals were vaccinated and the antibodies measured by ELISAMaster Thesis Associação do receptor toll-like 2 com o estado pró-inflamatório do diabetes tipo 1(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-03-30) Ururahy, Marcela Abbott Galvão; Rezende, Adriana Augusto de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4245215108740331; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8016222352823817; Sales, Valéria Soraya de Farias; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8525532896559374; Hirata, Mario Hiroyuki; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8551642748793896Inflammation has been pointed out as an important factor in development of chronic diseases, as diabetes. Hyperglycemia condition would be responsible by toll-like receptors, TLR2 and TLR4, and, consequently by local and systemic inflammation induction. Thus, the objective of present study was to evaluate type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pro-inflammatory state through mRNA expression of TLRs 2 and 4 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α correlating to diabetic nephropathy. In order to achieve this objective, 76 T1DM patients and 100 normoglycemic (NG) subjects aged between 6 and 20 years were evaluated. T1DM subjects were evaluated as a total group DM1, and considering glycemic control (good glycemic control DM1G, and poor glycemic control DM1P) and considering time of diagnosis (before achieving 5 years of diagnosis DM1< 5yrs, and after achieving 5 years of diagnosis DM1 <5yrs). Metabolic control was evaluated by glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations; to assess renal function serum urea, creatinine, albumin, total protein and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio were determined and to evaluate hepatic function, AST and ALT serum activities were measured. Pro-inflammatory status was assessed by mRNA expression of TLRs 2 and 4 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Except for DM1G group (18.4%), DM1NC patients (81.6%) showed a poor glycemic control, with glycated hemoglobin (11,2%) and serum glucose (225,5 md/dL) concentrations significantly increased in relation to NG group (glucose: 76,5mg/dL and glycated hemoglobin: 6,9%). Significantly enhanced values of urea (20%) and ACR (20,8%) and diminished concentrations of albumin (5,7%) and total protein (13,6%) were found in T1DM patients, mainly associated to a poor glycemic control (DM1P increased values of urea: 20% and ACR:49%, and diminished of albumin: 13,6% and total protein:13,6%) and longer disease duration (DM1 <5yrs - increased values of urea: 20% and ACR:20,8%, and diminished of albumin: 14,3% and total protein:13,6%). As regarding pro-inflammatory status evaluation, significantly increased mRNA expressions were presented for TLR2 (37,5%), IL-1β (43%), IL-6 (44,4%) and TNF-α (15,6%) in T1DM patients in comparison to NG, mainly associated to DM1P (poor glycemic control TLR2: 82%, IL-1β: 36,8% increase) and DM1 <5yrs (longer time of diagnosis TLR2: 85,4%, IL-1β: 46,5% increased) groups. Results support the existence of an inflammatory state mediated by an increased expression of TLR2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in T1DMMaster Thesis Estudo dos fatores associados à infecção chagásica em área endêmica do Rio Grande do Norte(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-07-30) Galvão, Camila Regalado; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3215086103105355; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0475581787753971; Sales, Valéria Soraya de Farias; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8525532896559374The Chagas disease is a infectious and parasite disease that has as the causative agent a Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite that can be transmitted to humans by the faeces of triatomines ( barbeiros ) in the blood-sucking. To understand the relationship between factors associated with chagasic infection and the risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, this work aimed to make a correlation between the results of serology, obtained by different immunological techniques, used for diagnosis of Chagas disease and risk factors to which the population of the city of Apodi-RN is exposed, to be considered a endemic area. The case-control study was conducted with 199 individuals, which initially was applied a questionary about socio-economic questions and some risk factors which they were exposed and also favor the spread of disease. Then was given the diagnosis by immunological techniques of serology by indirect hemagglutination, ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence. From the diagnosis, the subjects were divided into case group (presence of infection) and control group (no infection). Regarding the descriptive characteristics of the sample, were found a higher frequency of female individuals (59.3%), between 36 and 50 years of age (36.7%), with low education level (91%) and income monthly up to 1 minimum wage (67.8%). The serology, performed by three techniques of different principles, had a reactivity of 38.9% by Indirect Hemagglutination, 39.7% by ELISA and 38.7% by Indirect Immunofluorescence. As the result of the serology, 71 of samples showed reactivity in 2 or more techniques. On some risk variables, was found a significant relationship between individuals who had been bitten by the triatomines and had positive serology for Chagas disease (93.3%). Other variables of risk revealed individuals who had positive serology and had domestic animal (80.3%), lived in poorly maintained homes (97.2%) and near the forest (84.5%). A better understanding of the dynamics of transmission of T. cruzi and the risk factors that contribute to its occurrence in a region are needed to develop effective strategies for control of Chagas disease in these áreasMaster Thesis Obtenção de sistemas multiparticulados de isoniazida revestidos com polímero de liberação entérica(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-09-21) Freire, Fátima Duarte; Raffin, Fernanda Nervo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1052562183676637; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6731205787443155; Egito, Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa do; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6907806915889763; Chaud, Marco Vinícius; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8853705702222360Known for thousands of years, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality by a single infectious disease due to lack of patient adherence to available treatment regimens, the rising of multidrug resistant strains of TB (MDR-TB) and co-infection with HIV virus. Isoniazid and rifampicin are the most powerful bactericidal agents against M. tuberculosis. Because of that, this couple of drugs becomes unanimity in anti-TB treatment around the world. However, the rifampicin in acidic conditions in the stomach can be degraded rapidly, especially in the presence of isoniazid, which reduces the amount of available drug for absorption, as well as its bioavailability, contributing to the growing resistance to tuberculostatic drugs. Rifampicin is well absorbed in the stomach because of its high solubility between pH 1 and 2 and the gastric absorption of isoniazid is considered poor, therefore it is mostly intestinal. This work has as objective the development of gastro-resistant multiple-systems (granules and pellets) of isoniazid aiming to prevent the contact with rifampicin, with consequent degradation in acid stomach and modulate the release of isoniazid in the intestine. Granules of isoniazid were obtained by wet method using both alcoholic and aqueous solutions of PVP K-30 as aggregating and binder agent, at proportions of 5, 8 and 10%. The influence of the excipients (starch, cellulose or filler default) on the physical and technological properties of the granules was investigated. The pellets were produced by extrusionesferonization technique using isoniazid and microcrystalline cellulose MC 101 (at the proportion of 85:15) and aqueous solution of 1% Methocel as platelet. The pellets presented advantages over granular, such as: higher apparent density, smaller difference between apparent and compaction densities, smoother surface and, especially, smaller friability, and then were coated with an organic solution of Acrycoat L 100 ® in a fluidized bed. Different percentages of coating (15, 25 and 50%) were applied to the pellets which had their behavior evaluated in vitro by dissolution in acidic and basic medium. Rifampicin dissolution in the presence of uncoated and coated isoniazid pellets was evaluated too. The results indicate that the gastro resistance was only achieved with the greatest amount of coating and isoniazid is released successfully in basic step. The amount of rifampicin in the dissolution medium when the isoniazid pellets were not coated was lower than in the presence of enteric release pellets. Therefore, the polymer Acrycoat L 100 ® was efficient for coating with gastro-resistant function and can solve the problem of low bioavailability of rifampicin and help to reduce its dosageMaster Thesis Avaliação da publicidade de medicamentos veiculada nas principais emissoras de rádio de Natal-RN(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-07-02) Batista, Almária Mariz; Dantas, Maria Cleide Ribeiro; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8260624403804292; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0242707170380478; Raffin, Fernanda Nervo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1052562183676637; Schenkel, Eloir Paulo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6985652531782616Drugs advertising is one of the most important marketing resources used by the pharmaceutical industry to induce people to buy these products although they do not have the real necessity to use them. The purpose of this article is to evaluate drugs advertisings transmitted on radio stations in Natal/RN, from October 2007 to September 2008. Were collected 228 advertising pieces, where, 21 were different among themselves and corresponded to 15 drugs. The results showed that 73,3% of the drugs ads were announced on AM station and 26,7% on FM station. The majority of the drugs were constituted of analgesics (26%), following by antiacids, vitamins, phitotherapics (13% each). The legal analysis showed that each advertising had some kind of infraction. The omission of the registration number happened in each advertising, following by the totally lack of contraindications (95,2%) and contraindications DCB/DCI (76,2%). In 42,9% advertisements were observed the relation between drugs use and physique/intellectual/emotional/sexual performance and/or beauty and 33% of them had abusive exploration of illnesses. The obligatory warning was omitted in 28,6% and the offer of financial bonus happened in 9,5% cases. The content analysis demonstrated that the most persuasion and convincing elements observed were indicatives of consumption appeal (34,2%). The study indicates the necessity of the topic drugs advertisements to be treated in a wide context, that is, to be discussed as a public health concern. Although the advertising regulation and inspection is the State responsibility , this should be shared with the advertising agency, pharmaceutical industry and media. Furthermore, it is indispensable to inform and to conscience the population of their rights in such mistaken situationMaster Thesis Projeto Prevenir: uma pesquisa acerca das mudanças no perfil das infecções por DST/AIDS, com a perspectiva de detectar pontos vulneráveis da prevenção(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007-11-20) Rocha, Luciana Vilar de Sales; ; SATURNINO, Ana Conceição Ribeiro Dantas; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523992591754444; Freire, Ana Cláudia Galvão; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3215086103105355; Lima, Carlos Eduardo Queiroz; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7570443241449901Rio Grande do Norte is among the Brazilian States where the tourism and sexual violence increasingly grow in the country, occupying 4th place in 2004. Associated to this fact, it comes the problematic one of the contamination of the women by Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD). Studies in Brazil have presented a considerable increase of the STDs, caused through lack of suitable protection in the sexual relationships. Due to the biological and psychosocial vulnerability, besides failures or inconsistencies in the condom use associated to the raised taxes of sexual activity with different partners, the STDs constitute the main risk of health. Many difficulties are found by the confrontation of this problem. In this context, this project had as aim to evaluate the vulnerability of this population of sexually active women in Natal-RN Ponta Negra neighbourhood to the infections by STDs, such as, Candida sp., Vaginoses Bacterial, Trichomonas Vaginalis and Chlamydia sp., arisen with the explosion of the sex market, showing a current statistical panorama. It was possible to detect vulnerable points in prevention through patient anamnesis, where the study it showed: high number of partners (8,3% with more than five), low age of first relationship and not the use of condoms (31,8% sometimes use and 45,8% had not used in the first relationship). Already consolidated by the preventive cytopathologic examination, these data were strengthened by high incidence of causing agents of STDs (58,6%). In this way, it is clear that the sexuality must to be thought on the context of the deep economic and socio-cultural transformations in which pass societies, and mainly the ones concerning to the sexuality exercise and to the sex market. With the profile change of the infections, new demands are placed in relation to the risk factors. Therefore, it can be concluded that the prevention vulnerable points detected as more important had been the deficiency in self-perception and wareness of the risk existence among the studied womenMaster Thesis Desenvolvimento de microemulsões contendo fotoprotetores inorgânicos nanoparticulador(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008-02-12) Surmann, Luciana Loffredo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6907806915889763; ; Oliveira, Anselmo Gomes de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9114495952533044; Araújo, Ivonete Batista de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3872552451523411The inorganic actives, represented mainly by microfine zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, have shown great potential to protect against large UV spectrum. The aim of this study is the development, characterization and analysis of stability in the short term of microemulsions containing inorganic fotoprotection agents. The microemulsions identified by the phases diagram containing the metallic oxides were produced by two different methods and subjected to the centrifugation test and thermal stress cycles, and subsequently characterized by macroscopic evaluation, test dilution, electrical conductivity, pH, particle size, and zeta potential. This study highlights the influence of the metal oxides addition in the structure and distribution of micelles in the microemulsionsDoctoral Thesis Avaliação de diferentes formas de preservação e desenvolvimento in situ de folículos ovarianos pré-antrais caprinos(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010-09-10) Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Leal; Sousa, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8488760386226790; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9999427648594803; Azevedo, George Dantas de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1088076378928302; Guilhermino, Magda Maria; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2481533325379100; Campos, Ana Claudia Nascimento; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5507881727450766; Silva, Drance Elias da; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3743852075738987This study evaluated the effect of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the activation of goats preantral follicles (FOPA). Were used four pairs of ovaries of adult mixed breed goats. Each ovarian pair was divided into 23 fragments. One fragment was fixed for histology and other fragment was using to follicular isolation procedure. The remaining fragments were cultured in 1.0 ml of Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) or MEM supplemented with IAA at concentrations of 10, 40, 100, 500 or 1000 ng/mL. The in vitro culture was performed at 39°C in incubator with 5% CO2 for 1, 3 and 5 days. After in vitro culture was evaluated histological integrity and viability of FOPA. The addition of 100 ng/ml of IAA to MEM showed a significant increase in follicles transition in the third day of in vitro culture, characterizing follicular activation. Moreover, this concentration was obtained maintaining the histological integrity of PAF by the fifth day of in vitro culture. The viability test confirmed the results of histology. Thus, we conclude that IAA can promote the activation of goats FOPADoctoral Thesis Desenvolvimento de Sistemas Microparticulados Superparamagnéticos Gastro-resistentes para Diagnóstico e Terapêutica(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008-12-16) Silva, Amanda Karine Andriola; Egito, Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa do; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6907806915889763; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6551034935825743; Oliveira, Anselmo Gomes de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9114495952533044; Magalhães, Nereide Stella Santos; ; Silva Júnior, Arnóbio Antônio; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2593509584288129; Balaban, Rosângela de Carvalho; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7711521318854102This work aimed to develop a suitable magnetic system for administration by the oral route. In addition to that, it was intended to review the current uses of magnetic systems and the safety related to magnetic field exposure. Methods: Coprecipitation and emulsification/crosslinking were carried out in order to synthesize magnetite particles and to coat them, respectively. Results: According to literature review, it was found that magnetic particles present several properties such as magnetophoresis in magnetic field gradient, production of a surrounding magnetic field, and heat generation in alternated magnetic field. When the human organism is exposed to magnetic fields, several interaction mechanisms come into play. However, biological tissues present low magnetic susceptibility. As a result, the effects are not so remarkable. Concerning the development of a magnetic system for oral route, uncoated magnetite particles did undergo significant dissolution at gastric pH. On the other hand, such process was inhibited in the xylan-coated particles. Conclusions: Due to their different properties, magnetic systems have been widely used in biosciences. However, the consequent increased human exposure to magnetic fields has been considered relatively safe. Concerning the experimental work, it was developed a polymer-coated magnetic system. It may be very promising for administration by the oral route for therapy and diagnostic applications as dissolution at gastric pH hardly took place