BDTD - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações
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Doctoral Thesis Desenvolvimento de misturas ternárias para remoção de reboco de fluido de perfuração sintético(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013-04-01) Pinheiro, Francisca Sheldakelle Holanda Torres; Melo, Dulce Maria de Araújo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3318871716111536; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5204158492759551; Freitas, Júlio Cezar de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2357217530716519; Garnica, Alfredo Ismael Curbelo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0257037690238235; Curbelo, Fabíola Dias da Silva; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6991333478380004; Braga, Renata Martins; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4603529162393328The construction of wells is one of the most important activities of the oil industry. The drilling process is the set of activities and operations to design, program and perform the opening thereof. During this process, the cuttings are removed by the drilling fluid, or mud, and carted to the surface. This fluid is injected into the drill string and returns to the surface through the annular space between the well walls and the drill string. After the descent of the column casing, the annular space between the casing string and the walls of the borehole is filled with cement so as to secure the spine and prevent any migration of fluids between the various permeable zones traversed by the well behind of the coating. To ensure the good quality of the cementation scrubbers are used mattresses which are pumped ahead of the cement slurry so as to avoid contamination of the drilling fluid paste, or vice versa, and assist in the removal of plaster, formed by drilling fluid of the borehole walls, thus enabling a better cement bond to the well. Within this context, this work aims to evaluate the efficiency of mattresses scrubbers, the basis of ionic and nonionic surfactants, on the removal of nonaqueous drilling fluid, based on n-paraffin in oil wells, and the compatibility between the Mattress relations washer / drilling fluid bed scrubber / cement paste mattress washer / cement slurry / drilling fluid and the drilling fluid / cement slurry using laboratory tests rheology, thickening time and compressive strength. Also technique was performed X-ray diffraction (XRD) for a more detailed analysis of these mixtures with hydrated cement paste. In compatibility tests the conditions of temperature and pressure used in the same laboratory procedure simulating the conditions of oil wells, the well is considered the depth of 800 m. The results showed that the compositions of the mattress washer nonionic, KMS obtained a 100% efficient in removing the non-aqueous drilling fluid, and the best formulation showed good results with respect to compliance testingDoctoral Thesis Desenvolvimento e teste de um modelo estatístico de identificação das proporções de água produzida em zonas de produção de um campo maduro de petróleo(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013-02-26) Figueredo, Kytéria Sabina Lopes de; Silva, Djalma Ribeiro da; Pinho, André Luís Santos de; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4790599D9; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791074318745945; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3301251684636352; Vivacqua, Carla Almeida; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4763099J8; Huitle, Carlos Alberto Martinez; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2485073932883264; Castro, Suely Souza Leal de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860381828526444; Souza, Luiz Di; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0589648773241934This study investigates the chemical species produced water from the reservoir areas of oil production in the field of Monte Alegre (onshore production) with a proposal of developing a model applied to the identification of the water produced in different zones or groups of zones.Starting from the concentrations of anions and cátions from water produced as input parameters in Linear Discriminate Analysis, it was possible to estimate and compare the model predictions respecting the particularities of their methods in order to ascertain which one would be most appropriate. The methods Resubstitution, Holdout Method and Lachenbruch were used for adjustment and general evaluation of the built models. Of the estimated models for Wells producing water for a single production area, the most suitable method was the "Holdout Method and had a hit rate of 90%. Discriminant functions (CV1, CV2 and CV3) estimated in this model were used to modeling new functions for samples ofartificial mixtures of produced water (producedin our laboratory) and samples of mixtures actualproduced water (water collected inwellsproducingmore thanonezone).The experiment with these mixtures was carried out according to a schedule experimental mixtures simplex type-centroid also was simulated in which the presence of water from steam injectionin these tanks fora part of amostras. Using graphs of two and three dimensions was possible to estimate the proportion of water in the production areaMaster Thesis Influência da acrilamida e da poliacrilamida em sistema microemulsionado visando aplicação na recuperação avançada de petróleo(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012-10-19) Teixeira, Ewerton Richard Fernandes; Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783139Z0&dataRevisao=null; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1178654952994480; Barros Neto, Eduardo Lins de; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798645D3; Vale, Túlio Ytérbio Fernandes; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4911813695252136; Santanna, Vanessa Cristina; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9445575768909084This work aims to study the influence of two additives, the monomer, acrylamide and its polymer, polyacrylamide, solubilized in microemulsion systems and applied on enhanced oil recovery. By the microemulsion system obtained, it was chosen points into the phase diagram, presenting these compositions: 25%, 30%, 35% C/T; 2% Fo (fixed for all points) e 73%, 68% e 63% Fa, respectively. However, the monomer and the polymer were solubilized in these microemulsion points with 0.1%; 0.5%; 1% e 2% of concentration, ordering to check the concentration influence at the physicochemical properties (surface tension and rheology) of the microemulsion. Through the salinity study, was possible to observe that the concentrations of 1% and 2% of polymer made the solution became blurred, accordingly, the study of surface tension and rheology only was made for the concentrations of 0.1% e 0.5% of monomer and polymer, respectively. By the surface tension study it was observed that how the concentration of active matter (C/T) was increasing the surface tension was amending for each system, with or without additives. In the rheology study, as it increases the concentration of active matter increases both the viscosity of the microemulsion system (SME) with no additive, as the SME with polymer (AD2). After the entire study, it was chosen the lower point of active matter (25% C/T; 2% Fo e 73% Fa), plus additives in concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5% to be used on enhanced oil recovery. Assays were made on sandstone from Botucatu Formation, where after the tests, it was concluded that among the studied points, the point who showed the best efficiency of advanced shift was the microemulsion system + 0.5% AD2, with a recovery of 28% of oil in place and a total of 96,49%, while the other solution with 0.5% of polymer presented the worst result, with 14.1% of oil in place and 67,39% of efficiency of total displacementMaster Thesis Alquilação redutiva da quitosana a partir do glutaraldeído e 3-amino-1-pr(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008-02-29) Alves, Keila dos Santos; Balaban, Rosângela de Carvalho; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7711521318854102; ; Delpech, Márcia Cerqueira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7492555701225765; Vidal, Rosângela Regia Lima; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3249504806789438Chitosan derivatives were prepared by reductive alkylation using glutaraldehyde and 3-amino-1-propanol. The reducing agent used was the sodium borohydride. Tests of solubility, stability and viscosity were performed in order to evaluate these parameters effects in the reaction conditions (molar ratio of the reactants and presence of nitrogen in the reaction system). The molecular structure of commercial chitosan was determined by infrared (IR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). The intrinsic viscosity and average molecular weight of the chitosan were determined by viscosimetry in 0.3 M acetic acid aqueous solution 0.2 M sodium acetate at 25 ºC. The derivatives of chitosan soluble in aqueous acidic medium were characterized by 1H NMR. The rheological behavior of the chitosan and of the derivative of chitosan (sample QV), which presented the largest viscosity, were studied as a function of polymer concentration, temperature and ionic strength of the medium. The results of characterization of the commercial chitosan (the degree of deacetylation obtained equal 78.45 %) used in this work confirmed a sample of low molar weight (Mv = 3.57 x 104 g/mol) and low viscosity (intrinsic viscosity = 213.56 mL/g). The chemical modification of the chitosan resulted in derivatives with thickening action. The spectra of 1H NMR of the soluble derivatives in acid aqueous medium suggested the presence of hydrophobic groups grafted into chitosan in function of the chemical modification. The solubility of the derivatives of chitosan in 0.25 M acetic acid aqueous solution decreased with increase of the molar ratio of the glutaraldehyde and 3-amino-1-propanol in relation to the chitosan. The presence of nitrogen and larger amount of reducing agent in reaction system contributed to the increase of the solubility, the stability and the viscosity of the systems. The viscosity of the polymeric suspensions in function of the shear rate increased significantly with polymer concentration, suggesting the formation of strong intermolecular associations. The chitosan presented pseudoplastic behavior with the increase in polymer concentration at a low shear rate. The derivative QV presented pseudoplastic behavior at all concentrations used and in a large range of shear rate. The viscosity of chitosan in solution decreased with an increase of the temperature and with the presence of salt. However, there was an increase of the viscosity of the chitosan solution at higher temperature (65 ºC) and ionic strength of the medium which were promoted by hydrophobic associating of the acetamide groups. The solutions of the chitosan derivatives (sample QV) were significantly more viscous than chitosan solution and showed higher thermal stability in the presence of salt as a function of the hydrophobic groups grafted into chitosan backboneMaster Thesis Investigação da estabilidade térmica e das propriedades elétricas do TiO2 em função da dopagem com Ce(SO4)2(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008-02-29) Carmo, Ana Carolina Paiva; Cavalcante, Maria Gorette; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2069510469317474; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5905795054291412; Farias, Robson Fernandes de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6868773742105583; Melo, Jailson Vieira de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7275955550556570; Dall'antonia, Luiz Henrique; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0622474265250573The metalic oxides have been studies due to differents applications as materials semiconductor in solar cells, catalysts, full cells and, resistors. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has a high electric conductivity due to oxygen vacancies. The Ce(SO4)2.2H2O doped samples TiO2 and TiO2 pure was obtained sol-gel process, and characterized by X-ray diffractometry,thermal analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction patterns for TiO2 pure samples shows at 700°C anatase phase is absent, and only the diffraction peaks of rutile phase are observed. However, the cerium doped samples only at 900°C rutile in the phase present with peaks of cerium dioxide (CeO2). The thermal analysis of the TiO2 pure and small concentration cerium doped samples show two steps weight loss corresponding to water of hydration and chemisorbed. To larger concentration cerium doped samples were observed two steps weight loss in the transformation of the doped cerium possible intermediate species and SO3. Finally, two steps weight loss the end products CeO2 and SO3 are formed. Analyse electric properties at different temperatures and concentration cerium doped samples have been investigated by impedance spectroscopy. It was observed that titanium, can be substituted by cerium, changing its electric properties, and increased thermal stability of TiO2 anatase structure