Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
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Master Thesis A cidade e as suas praças: formação dos espaços de sociabilidades públicas e seus usos sociais em Natal (1893-1929)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-03-22) Lopes, Karine Maria Lima; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-1000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-6591; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4607030926674264; Costa, Bruno Balbino Aires da; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-6138; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451; Silva e Filho, Antônio Luiz Macedo; Siqueira, Gabriela Fernandes deThis work aims to analyze and understand the process of construction of squares in the city of Natal as spaces for public sociability, between the years 1893 and 1929. During this period, the ruling classes of Rio Grande do Norte, especially political groups linked to families Albuquerque Maranhão and Bezerra de Medeiros, sought to legitimize a discourse of modernization of the city to elevate it to the status and position of economic centrality, required by a capital. To this end, they mobilized international loans, state credits and resources from the Municipal Administration for the construction, beautification and landscaping of the squares André de Albuquerque, Augusto Severo, Pedro Velho, João Maria and Sete de Setembro, idealized by local intellectuals and chroniclers as havens of leisure and of learning refined behavioral codes, emanating from francophile cultural models. In different proportions, material and symbolic transformations in these social environments led to changes in the social uses attributed to them by different subjects. Thus, we intend to reconstruct the role that the set of five squares in Natal played in the period of the First Republic through toponymy, the elaboration of a modernizing image of the city and its inhabitants, civic rituals, commercial dynamics and administrative management of the city. The study starts from the perspective of space in two main senses, namely, in the public and sociological dimension. The first concerns the analysis of space as an object of state interventions in its architectural and material forms, which includes squares, surrounding buildings, their furniture, the standardization of sidewalks, storage measures and the installation of urban equipment. The second, in turn, consists of investigating the potential of agents in this concrete space to raise various social relations that transcend the private sphere and were controlled, ideally, by legislative regulations, municipal and customary resolutions. From this perspective, we take as the guiding axis of the research the questioning about the inscription of the desires to establish a republican order in the social structure, mainly within the scope of the local political network and sociability guided by cosmopolitan models of social conduct and civic education. Thus, we examined as historical testimonies newspapers from the situationist Republican Party and the opposition, annual messages from governors, reports from municipal intendants, resolutions and notices from the municipal government, photographs and almanacs.Doctoral Thesis Entre o rio e o mar, Rocas: de bairro sinônimo de inferno a bairro da tradição e da cultura popular (1900-1950)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-10-20) Bentes Filho, Giovanni Roberto Protásio; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-1000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-4989; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7176469527868882; Torquato, Arthur Luís de Oliveira; Oliveira, Iranilson Buriti de; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-7772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9046069221784194; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-6138; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451This thesis proposes a general analysis of the process of urban development in the city of Natal, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, during the first half of the 20th century, focusing on a significant part of this urban complex, the Rocas neighborhood, in order to highlight the fractures and imbalances present in this process. From reading and critiquing the sources (newspapers, government reports, laws, decrees, photographs, literature, memorial accounts) as well as the historiographical production on the subject of Natal's urban history, it was noted how, during the period in which modernizing proposals and projects were thought up and implemented for the city, certain places - Ribeira, Cidade Alta and Cidade Nova - were favoured, while others, located in the peripheral zone, such as the Rocas neighbourhood, were treated secondarily in terms of the distribution of resources and material interventions. The urban planning projects, as well as the legislation regulating the spaces, had a segregating and excluding character, as they were related to the wishes of the ruling classes to ensure the shaping and modernization of the city, or rather parts of it, those parts that served as their spaces of interaction and valued sociability, which were located in the central zone. Rocas was not, at least until the mid-1920s, part of the (political and economic) interests of the dominant groups. On the contrary, Rocas was a place of poverty, misery, disease and danger; it was a place where the city's poor and working class lived, a place for fishermen, port and railway workers, small traders, socially excluded groups, or rather, those perversely included in society, until it was associated, around the 1940s, with tradition and popular culture. In view of this, the thesis defended in this work is that the way in which the ruling groups treated the Rocas neighbourhood during the city's modernization process, whether from an administrative or discursive point of view, contributed to the production and reproduction of a dynamic that resulted in processes of socio-spatial segregation, that is, making this place, physically located on the banks of the river and the sea, also appear on the margins of modernizing projects and, in a certain sense, also on the margins of history.Master Thesis Patrimônio, política e passado: o tombamento do Sítio Histórico de Sobral-CE, 1995-2020(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-03-26) Araújo, Edcarlos da Silva; Viana, Helder do Nascimento; ; ; Santiago Júnior, Francisco das Chagas Fernandes; ; Oliveira, Margarida Maria Dias de; ; Peixoto, Renato Amado; ; Viana, José Ítalo Bezerra;This study aims to analyze the heritage listed in Sobral-CE in 1999, by the Historic Patrimony and National Artistic Institute – IPHAN. a process was being started that changed drastically the way how space would be understood in the city until the present days. Leaving a situation where the most ancient buildings were being taken down to a moment where is usual to invest at requalification of buildings and spaces. New cultural equipments are inaugurated and through these iwe tried to mobilize a certain past in attempt of its acknowledgement. Our main manipulated sources were, laws, decrees, the study of patrimonialization, books, magazines. To understand the theme we used the texts of Candau (2019), Maria Cecília Londres Fonseca (1997), Márcia Chuva (2017), among other authors. We seek to consume these questions tensioning related themes to the cultural heritage listed patrimony, also investigating public policies and reflecting about the past events that the patrimony could preserve, through this we try to understand how the urban area may be a record of social and historic processes that formed and still form Brazil.Master Thesis Cidade com rosto de mulher: a trajetória do Movimento de Mulheres/Feminista em Natal (1978-1989)(2019-10-07) Sobreira, Janaína Porto; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; ; ; Duarte, Ana Rita Fonteles; ; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; ; Porto, Rozeli Maria;Le travail a pour objectif de développer une analyse de ce que le mouvement féministe et des femmes à Natal dans la période de 1978 à 1989, période qui se justifie par la création du Centre de la Femme Natalense – CMN, jusqu’à la création du Groupe Autonome des Femmes – GAM. Il a été jugé important de comprendre comment ces groupes se sont organisés dans la ville au sein d’un mouvement à deux fronts: celui des féministes et celui des femmes. Tous deux mettent en pratique des notions tantôt proches, tantôt lointaines dans la lutte de revendications pour des politiques publiques dans la ville sur au moins deux axes théoriques et méthodologiques : recherche d’équipements urbains dans les domaines du logement, santé, travail, sécurité et, de manière générale, dans la formulation de projets qui pourraient offrir un soutien dans la réalité des femmes en situation de vulnérabilité, et dans la recherche de droits qui tiendraient compte de l’autonomie des femmes dans le domaine des droits sexuels, génésiques, violence domestique, avortement, maternité, droits démocratiques, entre autres. Le rôle des mouvements sociaux urbains s’est révélé fructueux dans la recherche des relations entre la société civile et l’État. Sous la dictature civile militaire, ces groupes ont créé de nouvelles identités et ont réussi à s’insérer comme protagonistes à l’époque où les voies démocratiques étaient suspendues. C’est dans ce contexte que le mouvement féministe et féminin a donné un nouvel élan à l’agenda politique du pays. Les femmes commençaient à remettre en question les rôles traditionnels de leur vie en les poussant à se lancer dans des luttes antiautoritaires et pour des questions fondamentales de citoyenneté et de bien-être social. Les années 1980 ont été un champ d’initiatives de la part des féministes qui venaient des universités, mais ce fut aussi une période marquée par des luttes de femmes sur les bases populaires. Partant des hypothèses de l’historien Alessandro Portelli, auteur qui travaille avec le sens de la valorisation des subjectivités que les sujets ont vécues à certaines périodes, le travail s’est ancré dans la méthodologie de l’histoire orale comme possibilité de recherche historique valorisant les récits des militantes à Natal. L’analyse des objets a été rendue possible par l’archivage documentaire qui comprend: Entretiens avec 10 collaboratrices; travail de la sociologue Maria Rizolete Fernandes; statuts; lettres de principes; matières de journaux de circulation dans la ville; des données statistiques tirées de l’IBGE, de l’IPEA et de Semurb.Master Thesis "Fagueira esperança de melhores dias": o Centro Social Morrinhense e a invenção da cidade emancipada (1952-1959)(2018-08-17) Silveira, Cid Morais; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; ; ; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; ; Melo, Francisco Denis;This research is dedicated to the understanding of the emergence of a spatiality, the municipality of Morrinhos emancipated, through the performance of the intellectuals from Centro Social Morrinhense. It is important to analyze the historically constructed relations between this institution and the then village of Morrinhos, which began to have dreams of being a city in the early fifties. Understanding reality and spatial constructions as human fabrications, we aim to think how this institution created a singular way of seeing and describing the city, through intellectual, political and identity practices, permeated by desire and dream about a modern, progressive and civilized city. Ways of seeing and describing the city that were later used to legitimize and accelerate its process of political-religious emancipation. Thus, this research is part of the area of the named intellectual history, especially that with “French flavor”, focusing on the sociability issues of the CSM members, for the analysis of their discourses, their personal and intellectual itineraries, as well as the organization, methods of membership and the operation of that institution. This research can also be inscribed within the so-called urban history, notably a cultural history of the urban, of urban practices, problematizing the approximations and tensions between the projects of the ideal city, the desired city, created by the CSM, and its relations with the real city, the city experienced. The sources mobilized in the research are newspapers, discourses and parliamentary pronouncements, minutes of meeting, legislative documents, statutes, parish records, images, etc. The time cut was chosen for a better explanation of the objectives of the work: 1952, the year in which the CSM was founded in Fortaleza, until 1959, the year of consolidation of the process of political emancipation of Morrinhos with the arrival of its new rulers. Finally, this research becomes important not only for a better understanding of the process of emancipation of Morrinhos under the eyes of the CSM, but also to understand how this institution, a place today of the absentee, ruined, failed in the preservation of his memory, subsequently suffering an invisibility within the history of the municipality.Master Thesis Uma vila e seu povo: relações hierárquicas e poder local (Olinda, século XVII)(2017-08-29) Dantas, Aledson Manoel Silva; Alveal, Carmen Margarida Oliveira; Souza, George Felix Cabral de; ; ; ; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar;In this dissertation, we analyze the captaincy of Pernambuco’s spatial hierarchies in the late 17th century, as well as the presence of royal officials and the parallel between Olinda’s status and noble people which served in the current municipal council. Therefore, the conflict for controlling municipal budget included both regional elites as colonial governors and others royal authorities. An important point for the local elite was the restructuring of the economy and the town space, a wishful desire to revive the previous situation, before socially and politically Netherland’s domination. Thus, a rhetoric of recovery of the “ancient state” emerges, by the previous conditions of political and administrative center of Olinda, now ruined. Despite the difficulties faced by the locals, the regional elite remained dominant for much of the period between 1654 and 1711. Disagreements between Portuguese colonial control and local authorities represented obstacles for the restructuring and reoccupation of the village after 1654. Portuguese Crown, represented by the Overseas Council, and the governors of the captaincy, had interests that diverged from the Olinda’s municipal council, provoking tensions in the balance of the center of power. Thus, the place of assistance of the governors is a topic of debate during the studied period, as well as the condition of "capital" of Olinda, due to its physical structure. The municipal council, then, sought to make improvements that were considered consistent with its position, with arguments that emphasized its "quality" and "capacity".Master Thesis "Em cada esquina um poeta, em cada rua um jornal": a vida intelectual natalense (1889-1930)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014-09-19) Silva, Maiara Juliana Gonçalves da; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4363170536762643; Santiago Júnior, Francisco das Chagas Fernandes; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8893350729538284; Engel, Magali Gouveia; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7177661266996096Master Thesis Entre rios e ruas: água, açude e tragédia em uma cidade do agreste potiguar (Santa Cruz, 1º de abril de 1981)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014-09-05) Bezerra, Islândia Marisa Santos; Viana, Helder do Nascimento; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7276445057059197; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1538683845119684; Silva e Filho, Antonio Luiz Macedo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7627767007219629; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451On the evening of April 1, 1981, the city of Santa Cruz was taken by a flood that destroyed the spillway weir Santa Cruz and much of the city, causing the population of the lower areas to abandon their homes. Residences and closest to the dam, the river and the creek Trairi Sin streets were totally affected, and many of the houses and public buildings completely destroyed. Located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the city of Santa Cruz is marked by a very hot climate and semi-arid. With an average normal rainfall of 498.7 mm per year, the city is affected by drought since the beginning of its foundation, around the year 1831. For its development had continued, it was necessary that the population actualize various environmental interventions Nature, especially as regards the storage and distribution of water. Considering the process of occupying the space in question, as well as the relationships that human groups have with the natural environment, we aim to analyze how human interventions affect the environment around them, modifying it to meet their needs and interests. Thus, we intend to understand how media coverage enabled the construction of a framework of tragedy. We intend to observe how the occupation of Santa Cruz led to the modification of their surroundings, trying to discuss the effects of human intervention on natural disasters. Among the research sources include newspapers A República, Diário de Natal, Tribuna do Norte, O Poti and Folha de São Paulo, as well as interviews with the then mayor of Santa Cruz, Hildebrando Teixeira de Souza, and with the couple José Henrique de Pontes and Severina Aguida de Pontes, whose house was hit by the flood. We will also take messages from the state government, the minutes of the city council of Santa Cruz and reports produced by DNOCS on the construction of the weir and its survey after the flood.Master Thesis Caicó: uma cidade entre a recusa e a sedução(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007-09-28) Andrade, Juciene Batista Félix; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira de Alencar; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9746207094429740; Oliveira, Iranilson Buriti de; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728002Z6; Rezende, Antonio Paulo de Morais; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9715360993005450; Bueno, Almir de Carvalho; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1171515924256159This research has as object of study the city of Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte State, between the middle part of the decade of 1920 and the beginning of 1930. It intended to perceive the projects thought to the city of Caicó as well as the challenges due to the new ideas of modernity that were circulating around the contemporary world. So it consists in an important historical exercise about the relation between history and space in to the extent that itself comes to surface a city deals by diverse angles whose perspectives can be read in several "fragments of memory", such as newspapers, trials-crime, reports, memories, books, etc., those show the tension between the traditional and the modern way of life one. In this way, it´s tried to transform the space, giving it a new reference, inspired in what occurs in the Brazilian big cities and around the world, through the use of the techniques, of the electricity, of the movies, of the press, cars, medicine and so on. At the same time in that is necessary-itself deal with the permanencies such as the old manners and the droughts and theirs "flagellated" people. Therefore, it is in this difficult phase that is tried legitimize the city of Caicó as the "Capital of the Seridó", in the threshold between the refusal and the seductionMaster Thesis O desejo, o relato e a prática da cidade: de como são produzidos territórios marginais na cidade do príncipe (1880 - 1900)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011-09-09) Santos, Rosenilson da Silva; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787535A2; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2180186294707456; Macedo, Muirakytan Kennedy de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6234766321259493; Bellini, Ligia; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2961645329761650The theme of this work is the study of marginal territories of the Cidade do Príncipe, sketch in time than today is constituted as the city of Caicó/RN, with the time frame the years 1880 to 1900. Our goal is to investigate the construction of these territories from multiple speech subjects practitioners of the city. Thus, we propose to discover the mapping of the deviation in the city in question, as they were drawn, those who experienced and through which practices. Investigate the construction of these spaces from the speeches, and fill a historiographical gap, allows to find stories sharp, silenced or ignored, abortions and madness in prison, repressed passions and avenged. To meet these spaces the sources are diverse, such as the newspaper O Povo, the Codes of posture, the Reports of Presidents and Heads of Provincial Police and process-crime. Regarding the methodological aspects of research, we decided by discourse analysis, discourse here conceived not only as what is said about someone or something, but as a set of statements circulating at any given time in society, articulating speech, intentions, actions and thought. The city is then considered from their territories, imagined as a space configured in/by the relations power that the dispute, but also as a space for experiences multiple, different feelings, place and non-place, the discipline and mockery, of power and resistance.