Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
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Master Thesis Corpos que falam: mulheres perseguidas, mas não silenciadas pela Ditadura Militar em Pernambuco (1968-1974)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-09-25) Cavalcanti, Luíza Vieira; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-9240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7585947992338412; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-2481; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9609455791933620; Rosa, Susel Oliveira da; Sales Neto, Francisco Firmino; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-4638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3836760295812952This work aims to discuss the process of resistance by women during the Military Dictatorship and the main mechanisms used to repress female bodies, both politically and culturally, in the state of Pernambuco between the years 1968 and 1974. Thus, we consider the body as a space where flesh, physicality, and the subjective, intangible aspects merge, resulting in human beings who are simultaneously mind and materiality. Within this space, power relations, gender, and language operate, and it is these relationships that we seek to study throughout the research. Through official documents, we focused on defining a sample for the research and, based on it, conducting a prosopography, which is an overview of the women who were targeted by repression and how the system endeavored to penalize them. However, studying the documentation alone would not be sufficient to achieve our objectives in the research. This is because it is only through testimonies that we can analyze the perspective of those on the other side of the document: the women. Therefore, we conducted interviews with some of the individuals who were arrested and persecuted during the period and accessed testimonies given to the National Truth Commission (CNV) and the State Commission for Memory and Truth Dom Helder Câmara (CEMVDHC). Oral History allows for a cross-referencing of official data documented by organizations and institutions with everything that was not written down; the feelings, violence, thoughts, sensations, and pain experienced by female bodies.Master Thesis "Verduras frescas com um mágico efeito como se estivessem na horta": as propagandas de geladeiras e os desejos de refrigeração nos lares burgueses cariocas (1928-1940)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-11-13) Dutra, João Fernando Correia; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-6138; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6345890565879966; Silva Filho, Antonio Luiz Macedo e; Sales Neto, Francisco Firmino; Viana, Helder do Nascimento; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3578-870X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7276445057059197This work aims to discuss the process of introducing refrigerators into the domestic environment of Rio de Janeiro from 1928 to 1940. With the establishment of modernization ideals in the country, the first places to experience a series of transformative events in their daily lives were Brazil's major cities, especially Rio de Janeiro, the federal capital. These transformations, characterized by a dual perspective of a promising future and a controversial present, illuminated by progress and science, resulted in numerous changes, from the urban environment taking on new forms with public reforms, to daily habits, and the emergence or enhancement of new means of communication. Inventions and domestic equipment were renewed, and one of these devices, considered one of the most important and widely used preservation techniques today, is the refrigerator. In this context, tracing a brief history of this evolution, we seek to analyze advertisements for this device created by companies manufacturing domestic equipment, employing the theoretical and methodological framework found in Meneses (2000) for the analysis of advertising images. We conclude that these ads reflected the process of modernization and rationalization of the home space, based on values relevant to the period of domestic modernity, such as comfort, simplicity, health, aesthetics, and status. Additionally, we identified ideals aimed at reducing the time and effort needed for household activities as persuasive strategies in the advertisements. Throughout the research, we observed a peculiar characteristic related to the advertisements, concerning the use of certain social and technical values attributed to male and female genders as a way of categorizing them.Doctoral Thesis "Às intelectuais femininas da terra!": mulheres, imprensa e escrita no Rio Grande do Norte (1914-1929)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-12-19) Silva, Maiara Juliana Gonçalves da; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-1000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-9173; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4363170536762643; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-7772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9046069221784194; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; Nogueira, Nathália Sanglard de Almeida; Luca, Tânia Regina deThe aim of this study is to analyze the formation of a female intellectual field in Rio Grande do Norte between the end of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century. I understand the concept of women's writing (écriture féminine) not simply as speeches enunciated by women, but writings that have been marginalized, dissident, transgressive. During the late 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, the intellectual movement in Rio Grande do Norte intensified, mainly due to the emergence of newspapers and magazines that published literature in their pages. More than books, the periodical press was the first vehicle for women's literary production. In it, women wrote poetry, riddles, essays, articles, literary criticism, among other literary genres. In newspapers and magazines, women writers from Rio Grande do Norte also published their writings on issues related to women's emancipation, i.e., topics that addressed women's rights to access to education, female professionalization and, finally, political participation. Situating this study in the field of women's social and cultural history, this research aims to answer the following questions: Who were these women writers? Why did they write? How did gender permeate their writing practice in Rio Grande do Norte? What kind of articulations were these women able to build? What were their mechanisms for transgressive insertion into the intellectual field of Rio Grande do Norte? And finally, what kind of actions did these intellectuals develop in the public spaces of the cities?Master Thesis Práticas religiosas no Egito greco-romano: o culto de Serápis - Volume I - Texto; Práticas religiosas no Egito greco-romano: o culto de Serápis - Volume II - Corpus(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-04-05) Fonseca, Danillo Melo da; Vasques, Márcia Severina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-143X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2044586970276129; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0127029062820605; Baptista, Lyvia Vasconcelos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5887-7831; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1774502381871781; Fleming, Maria Isabel D'AgostinoSerapis, a deity conceived by Ptolemy I Soter, the first pharaoh of the Lagid dynasty (305-30 BC), was designed to assume the role of guardian of the new sovereigns and the city of Alexandria, in Egypt. This research’s main objective is to understand the religious practices associated with the cult of Serapis during the period of Greco-Roman Egypt, adopting as the main source of analysis the material culture represented, mainly, in figurines and terracotta lamps that portray the divinity in different forms and contexts. In addition to analyzing this material culture, we propose to catalogue, organize and carry out an analysis of the material data collected, seeking to understand not only the visual representations of Serapis, but also the ritual practices and the social and cultural context in which these pieces were produced and used. The iconography of Serapis, influenced by characteristics of Greek deities and distinctly Egyptian elements, such as her own name, reflects the cultural interactions between these two civilizations and their respective belief systems. Based on material culture. This research aims to investigate how these cultural interactions manifested themselves in the material representation of the deity and the cult practices associated with it, allowing a deeper understanding of the religious and social dynamics of Greco-Roman Egypt. We argue that Serapis emerged from the process of entanglement of Egyptian and Greek cultures, as conceptualized by archaeologist Phillip Stockhammer (2012), highlighting the complexity of cultural and religious relationships in the Ancient World, permeated by constant influences and interactions.Doctoral Thesis 2013 e a ofensiva neoliberal contra o Brasil(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-12-03) Damasceno, Claudionor Almir Soares; Vargas Netto, Sebastião Leal Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-4031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9840632250442779; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5106204122022478; Pereira, Henrique Alonso de Albuquerque Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-5942; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9609541796507055; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; Oliveira, Tiago Bernardon de; Costa, José Jonas Duarte daThis thesis is a critical analysis of the demonstrations that took place in Brazil in June 2013. Our problem arose from the perception of the largely contradictory nature of those demonstrations, which were still presented and defended from a single perspective, that of progressive rebellion, but which had metamorphosed into the baptismal font of the Brazilian right. Using as a key to our interpretation historical-dialectical materialism, its category of totality, its historicism and humanism, and its dialectical conception of contradiction, we sought to go beyond the appearance of that historical phenomenon, situating it amidst the intensification of geopolitical disputes that have been taking place on the planet since the beginning of the 21st century, a situation that was aggravated by the 2008 crisis. We used primary and secondary sources, as well as interviews and extensive bibliography to develop our analysis. We interpret social reality as a historical process that develops through class struggle, as well as struggle between nations, with a central role for the category of labor and the contradictions between capital and labor. The Leninist category of imperialism has enabled us to understand the materiality of nations and the contradictory dialectic of uneven and combined development between the Global North and South, which is now reflected in the gradual shift of the center of the world economy toward Asia and the consequent worsening of the capitalist crisis. The imperialist bloc’s attempt to reverse this development occurs through an offensive policy of imposing neoliberal recipes that make it possible to increase the transfer of wealth from the South to the Global North. To this end, they use economic wars involving sanctions of all kinds, legal wars, monetary pressures, as well as a policy of changing governments that are inconvenient to them, using proxy wars and color and tweeted revolutions. We have noted that the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Philanthropic Foundations and Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are among the tools used in these actions. Our thesis is that the political turmoil that spread across several countries in North Africa and Western Asia from 2010 onwards reverberated in Brazil through the same mechanisms and tools of “regime change”, producing, here, the “tweeted revolution” of June 2013 and resulting in the neoliberal offensive that has worsened the situation in our country since then.Master Thesis Do Centro Popular de Cultura ao Globo Repórter: a centralidade do Nordeste na formação fílmica de Eduardo Coutinho (1962-1979)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-11-06) Araújo, Bruno Wesley Soares da Costa; Sales Neto, Francisco Firmino; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-4638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3836760295812952; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087053329102664; Santiago Júnior, Francisco das Chagas Fernandes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-5222; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8893350729538284; Uhle, Ana RitaThis dissertation investigates the centrality of the Northeast, particularly the Sertão region, in the film production of the filmmaker Eduardo de Oliveira Coutinho (1933– 2014), focusing on his work during his time with the Centro Popular de Cultura and Globo Repórter (1962–1979). First, I situate the filmmaker within the spaces of engaged art in the 1960s and his initial contact with the Northeast. In the second and third parts, I explore how the Northeastern Sertão became a central spatiality for his formation and representation of the Sertanejo other. Marking his movement through the region, I conceptually work with the categories of space and place from Yi-Fu Tuan (2013) and with a social conception of Sertão as formulated by Candice Vidal e Souza (2015). Methodologically, I analyze representations of the Sertão in the fictional feature film Faustão (1970), using the classical narrative and film segmentation approaches proposed by David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson (2005, 2013), as well as the narrator concept developed by Ismail Xavier (2019). In analyzing the documentary reports Seis Dias de Ouricuri (1976), O Pistoleiro de Serra Talhada (1977), Theodorico, o Imperador do Sertão (1978), and Exu, uma Tragédia Sertaneja (1979), I draw on the category of voice and the expository, observational, and participatory modes proposed by Bill Nichols (2005, 2016). Thus, the research highlights that Eduardo Coutinho's cinematic trajectory was primarily shaped by his social and cultural relationships with the Sertão and the Northeast, placing these regions at the core of his interests throughout the 1960s and 1970s. This movement connects him to and embeds him within a mode of thinking and seeing the region that is characteristic of Brazilian social thought.Master Thesis Entre o poder imperial romano e as elites sociais provinciais: estudo sobre os Iulius, Aemilius e Cornelius em Augusta Emérita (I séc. a.C. ao II séc. d.C.)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-04-12) Silva, Pedro Gabriel dos Santos; Vasques, Márcia Severina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-143X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2044586970276129; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5361335770730974; Baptista, Lyvia Vasconcelos; Oliveira, Airan dos Santos Borges de; Porto, Vagner CarvalheiroThe present work aims to analyze the practice of epigraphic production linked to the social elites of Emerita as a habit introduced in the provincial region after the contact with the Roman Empire, in the establishment of exchange networks, cultural and social confrontations that shaped the social and memorial space of Augusta Emérita as the provincial capital of Lusitânia. Between the 1st century BC and the 2nd century AD, we have the progressive growth of epigraphic production linked to specific groups of the provincial elite who, in some way, are involved in the provincial dynamics, have Latin citizenship and are located in the midst of reproduction and adaptation of cultural practices that shape Emérita's relations with the Empire through the consumption and production of the epigraphic habit. In this way, we propose the analysis of the Emeritus epigraphic set linked to the gens of Iulius, Cornelius and Aemilius, among the votive, funerary and, to a lesser extent, imperial epigraphs, to understand and problematize new ways of understanding the Imperium as a historical construction, in that epigraphic literature serves as an indicator of how networks of customs shared by the Empire's elites fill memory spaces and constitute a living culture of social representation and preservation of family genealogy, in the face of negotiations with Roman domination. To this end, we intend, methodologically, to analyze the epigraphy from two emphases: (1) as a factor linked to the new management of space and the introduction of Latin law as a regulator of the integration process; therefore (2) in a conjunctural context of global practices – in the sense of being and existing in the Empire – in which the epigraphic monument assumes itself as a counter-power, evoking the image of a memory of an identity that does not want to be lost, that does not hesitate to be present, in an artificially created environment, as an external decision.Master Thesis "É a mulher brasileira a esperança viva da ressurreição da pátria": o periodismo católico e a construção dos espaços de poder pela arquidiocese de Olinda e Recife (1935-1940)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-10-07) Araújo, Joyce da Silva Alves; Peixoto, Renato Amado; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-4215; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329353374197075; Moura, Carlos André Silva de; Moura, Carlos André Silva de; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; Santos, Magno Francisco de JesusThe Revista Maria, the object and source of the research, belonged to ‘Bôa Imprensa' and was inserted in the scope of women's organizations. Our aim is to understand how the Revista Maria was instrumentalized by the Archdiocese of Olinda and Recife, in the time frame from 1935 to 1940, to produce a social space that distributed a standard of gender and religiosity for women, based on the interests of the religious institution. Thus, we seek to perceive the suitability of a discourse on culture, politics and religiosity for the female audience and to analyze its intellectual role in the construction of a feminine conservatism, taking into account the influence of the leaders of the re-Catholicization, as well as the relationship between the Catholic Church and the State in the period. The editions of the Revista Maria will be examined as the main source, taking into account the reflections of Tania de Lucas on working with this type of document. We also highlight the theoretical contributions of Yi-Fu Tuan, who understands space based on the experiences that formulate its constructs, denaturalizing the construction of space by the Catholic Church. And of Pierre Bourdieu on habitus, realizing that the social position of individuals influences the establishment of their points of view. Also of Renato Peixoto and Cândido Rodrigues, who research the Catholic Church and its political interests using periodicals, which support the discussions on this analysis. This work attempts to analyze the Revista Maria taking into account its political and religious agendas, perceiving religiosity as a guide in the construction of social molds for Catholic women.Doctoral Thesis A necropolítica no município do Crato: o Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto e o Campo de Concentração do Buriti na década de 1930(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-08-26) Albuquerque Filho, Ronald de Figueiredo e; Vargas Netto, Sebastião Leal Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-4031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9840632250442779; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-0056; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3957089741074082; Acipreste Sobrinho, Djamiro Ferreira; Maia, Ligio José de Oliveira; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; Conceição, Maria Telvira daThe subject of this research is the formation of two spaces that, with different initiatives in their organization and objectives, had in common the grouping of people who migrated from their homelands and hinterlands, descendants of indigenous peoples and africans, to the municipality of Crato, in the interior of the State of Ceará. We are talking about the community of Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto, founded in 1926 and destroyed by the state in 1938, and the Concentration Camp of Buriti, founded during the drought of 1932 and closed in 1933. The aim of this study was to analyze the relations of exclusion, control over bodies and permission to die of these people who migrated to the Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto and the Buriti Concentration Camp in the 1930s. Thus, the guiding questions are: What led the state to confine people who migrated from the countryside to the city in a closed space and to create disciplinary rules of control? What led the state to destroy a collective and autonomous community in the interior of the State of Ceará? Why were such territories created in the municipality of Crato? What caused so many families to migrate to this city? How did information about Caldeirão and Campo do Buriti reach people in rural areas? How were these spaces symbolized by state agents, the press, the population in general, and the migrants themselves? To study these two areas is to study the history of the sertanejos and sertanejas who migrated, either to a rural area where they could have other forms of existence where the workers enjoyed their own work, which didn't happen on the estates where the peasants maintained a relationship of land ownership oriented to the market and the commodity; or by migrating to the city, also to seek a new way of life different from what these workers were used to in the countryside. In this way, we tried to analyze different sources that would allow a broad debate on the spaces I am studying. Among the sources analyzed are: a) the productions of the memorialists; b) the newspapers of the time, such as Diário de Pernambuco and O Povo; c) the official discourse of Getúlio Vargas, found in official reports or reproduced in other media, such as newspapers, magazines and books; d) interviews with survivors and others who know the history of these two areas, some of which I conducted myself, while others were found in academic works and even documentaries; e) the Eugenics Bulletin produced between 1929 and 1933; f) Caldeirão's diligence report. In order to analyze these sources and provide us with an understandable perspective, we have taken into account concepts such as racism, necropolitics, biopower and the state of exception. In this way, a theoretical discussion based on authors such as Achille Mbembe, Michel Foucault, and Giorgio Agamben is not isolated in a separate chapter, but is present throughout the text, contributing to the analysis of the sources and leading us to a perspective of understanding these events.Master Thesis Flashes da cidade do sol: a construção de uma imagem turística de Natal entre os anos 1968 a 1971(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-09-24) Chalegre, Gustavo Gabriel de Lima Silva; Pereira, Henrique Alonso de Albuquerque Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-5942; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9609541796507055; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4576638007988494; Saraiva, João Gilberto Neves; Saraiva, João Gilberto Neves; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; Santos, Magno Francisco de JesusThe city of Natal is now seen as one of the main tourist destinations in the Brazilian Northeast. Known as the “City of the Sun”, it stands out for its marvelous beaches, lush sea with warm waters, bathed in sunshine almost year-round. This tourist space par excellence is constructed through a combination of symbols, texts, and images published primarily from the 1960s. This paper explores how news reports from the late 1960s and early 1970s in the newspapers O Jornal (RJ) and Diário de Notícias (RJ) contributed to the construction of Natal as a tourist destination. The primary method of analysis used was a photographic reading of the different images used in the news articles, seeking to understand them not only as photo illustrations but also as objects that create their own meanings about the image-space of the city of Natal, relating them to the text-discourse present in those articles, and understanding how both texts and photos contribute to the formation of the spatial imagery of the turist city and how it contributed to the transformation of the city's landscape in the following decade.