Programa de Pós-Graduação em História
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Doctoral Thesis Um homem de carne no papel escrito: Lima Barreto e a escrita do corpo, Rio de Janeiro (1900-1922)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-09-10) Costa, Thiago Venícius de Sousa; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-9240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7585947992338412; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-7716; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3120096076562584; Azevedo Neto, Joachin de Melo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-8988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6732988770505229; Figueiredo, Carmem Lúcia Negreiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4315805106761582; Souza, Fabíula Sevilha de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-2013; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0014755537333505; Sales Neto, Francisco Firmino; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-4638; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3836760295812952This thesis aims to analyze the debates raised about the production of corporealities by the Brazilian writer Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto throughout his written and confessional production. This aspect allows usto visualize the organization of Rio de Janeiro city’s corporalspace during Brazil’s First Republic (1889-1930). The objective of this research is to show how the capacity for observation expressed in Barretos’s discourse, especially in his literary creation and in works directed at the Rio de Janeiro press, was mobilized by sensory experiences. Through sight, touch, smell, taste, and hearing, Lima Barreto achieved two important feats: being thrust into the world and creating awareness and memories about the uses of bodies. This circumstance made evident the importance of narrating, through penholder, the textures of the flesh of men and women of his time and, above all, exposing the forms of their physiological selves. Overall, there is a gap – or little development – in relation to a thorough critique of the emotions involved in Barreto’s production, which resulted in the silencing of his body, his rapture. This position poses the main problem of this research: to highlight the rebellions of the flesh in Barreto’s writing based on the sensory experiences that took shape in his critical and literary fortune. Thereby, by creating multiple ways of seeing and expressing the body, Barreto reveals how spaces were active agents in modulating corporealities.Doctoral Thesis A necropolítica no município do Crato: o Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto e o Campo de Concentração do Buriti na década de 1930(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-08-26) Albuquerque Filho, Ronald de Figueiredo e; Vargas Netto, Sebastião Leal Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-4031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9840632250442779; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-0056; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3957089741074082; Acipreste Sobrinho, Djamiro Ferreira; Maia, Ligio José de Oliveira; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; Conceição, Maria Telvira daThe subject of this research is the formation of two spaces that, with different initiatives in their organization and objectives, had in common the grouping of people who migrated from their homelands and hinterlands, descendants of indigenous peoples and africans, to the municipality of Crato, in the interior of the State of Ceará. We are talking about the community of Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto, founded in 1926 and destroyed by the state in 1938, and the Concentration Camp of Buriti, founded during the drought of 1932 and closed in 1933. The aim of this study was to analyze the relations of exclusion, control over bodies and permission to die of these people who migrated to the Caldeirão da Santa Cruz do Deserto and the Buriti Concentration Camp in the 1930s. Thus, the guiding questions are: What led the state to confine people who migrated from the countryside to the city in a closed space and to create disciplinary rules of control? What led the state to destroy a collective and autonomous community in the interior of the State of Ceará? Why were such territories created in the municipality of Crato? What caused so many families to migrate to this city? How did information about Caldeirão and Campo do Buriti reach people in rural areas? How were these spaces symbolized by state agents, the press, the population in general, and the migrants themselves? To study these two areas is to study the history of the sertanejos and sertanejas who migrated, either to a rural area where they could have other forms of existence where the workers enjoyed their own work, which didn't happen on the estates where the peasants maintained a relationship of land ownership oriented to the market and the commodity; or by migrating to the city, also to seek a new way of life different from what these workers were used to in the countryside. In this way, we tried to analyze different sources that would allow a broad debate on the spaces I am studying. Among the sources analyzed are: a) the productions of the memorialists; b) the newspapers of the time, such as Diário de Pernambuco and O Povo; c) the official discourse of Getúlio Vargas, found in official reports or reproduced in other media, such as newspapers, magazines and books; d) interviews with survivors and others who know the history of these two areas, some of which I conducted myself, while others were found in academic works and even documentaries; e) the Eugenics Bulletin produced between 1929 and 1933; f) Caldeirão's diligence report. In order to analyze these sources and provide us with an understandable perspective, we have taken into account concepts such as racism, necropolitics, biopower and the state of exception. In this way, a theoretical discussion based on authors such as Achille Mbembe, Michel Foucault, and Giorgio Agamben is not isolated in a separate chapter, but is present throughout the text, contributing to the analysis of the sources and leading us to a perspective of understanding these events.Master Thesis A cidade e as suas praças: formação dos espaços de sociabilidades públicas e seus usos sociais em Natal (1893-1929)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-03-22) Lopes, Karine Maria Lima; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-1000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-6591; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4607030926674264; Costa, Bruno Balbino Aires da; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-6138; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451; Silva e Filho, Antônio Luiz Macedo; Siqueira, Gabriela Fernandes deThis work aims to analyze and understand the process of construction of squares in the city of Natal as spaces for public sociability, between the years 1893 and 1929. During this period, the ruling classes of Rio Grande do Norte, especially political groups linked to families Albuquerque Maranhão and Bezerra de Medeiros, sought to legitimize a discourse of modernization of the city to elevate it to the status and position of economic centrality, required by a capital. To this end, they mobilized international loans, state credits and resources from the Municipal Administration for the construction, beautification and landscaping of the squares André de Albuquerque, Augusto Severo, Pedro Velho, João Maria and Sete de Setembro, idealized by local intellectuals and chroniclers as havens of leisure and of learning refined behavioral codes, emanating from francophile cultural models. In different proportions, material and symbolic transformations in these social environments led to changes in the social uses attributed to them by different subjects. Thus, we intend to reconstruct the role that the set of five squares in Natal played in the period of the First Republic through toponymy, the elaboration of a modernizing image of the city and its inhabitants, civic rituals, commercial dynamics and administrative management of the city. The study starts from the perspective of space in two main senses, namely, in the public and sociological dimension. The first concerns the analysis of space as an object of state interventions in its architectural and material forms, which includes squares, surrounding buildings, their furniture, the standardization of sidewalks, storage measures and the installation of urban equipment. The second, in turn, consists of investigating the potential of agents in this concrete space to raise various social relations that transcend the private sphere and were controlled, ideally, by legislative regulations, municipal and customary resolutions. From this perspective, we take as the guiding axis of the research the questioning about the inscription of the desires to establish a republican order in the social structure, mainly within the scope of the local political network and sociability guided by cosmopolitan models of social conduct and civic education. Thus, we examined as historical testimonies newspapers from the situationist Republican Party and the opposition, annual messages from governors, reports from municipal intendants, resolutions and notices from the municipal government, photographs and almanacs.Master Thesis Cartografias do sentir: a Cidade Alta na literatura memorialística (1950-1980)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-04-03) Paiva, Álvaro Luís Lins de; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5519982150842205; Souza, Fabiula Sevilha de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-2013; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0014755537333505; Rezende, Antônio Paulo de MoraisThe neighborhood of Cidade Alta, the oldest in Natal, was a political, social, and cultural center from the colonial period until the Republic. As the seat of power and residence of the elites during the colonial period, it underwent republican reforms, including the establishment of the square of the three powers. Between 1950 and 1980, it became the capital's main commercial hub, with a vibrant bohemian life, attracting intellectuals, artists, and politicians. From the late 1970s, chronicles and memorialistic works emerged reflecting the concern to preserve its memory. Memorialistic literature emerges as resistance to urban changes and the assertion of Natal as a tourist hub in the Northeast. This research analyzes the transformations and the city constructed by memorialistic works, highlighting the importance of the neighborhood. To make the research possible, we used the Discourse Analysis methodology of Eni Orlandi, the conceptual categories of memory by Aleida Assman, and the space and place categories of Yi Fu Tuan and Edward Relph, coupled with the idea of a space of longing by Durval Muniz Albuquerque Júnior.Doctoral Thesis La tierra de guerra: conquistas, resistências e formação de espaços nos conflitos hispano-mapuches (Reino do Chile, 1541-1626)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-05-29) Rodrigues, Erick Matheus Bezerra Mendonça; Alveal, Carmen Margarida Oliveira; Márquez, Jaime Valenzuela; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-0231; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1118391491224309; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-2250; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6168920883929890; Maia, Ligio José de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9683-1965; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3637992585281501; Dias, Thiago Alves; Cruces, Hugo Francisco Contreras; Puerta, Mauricio ArangoTierra de Guerra (land of war) was a common definition used in the Hispanic texts about colonial Chile. It commonly described a warlike space, in which the war functioned as a constant mechanism for the construction of territories, among other aspects. In this scenario, warfare shaped an idiosyncratic form of relationship between the Spanish conquerors and settlers and the indigenous peoples who lived in the present-day Chilean territory. The Promaucaes, as they were called by the Incas, also known as Araucanians or Mapuches in later times, would stand out for their resistance. From this vision, some questions emerge: What constituted the Tierra de Guerra? How was it conceived? How could it be "pacified"? What was the relevance of the long period of indigenous resistance to maintain it? What kind of political and spatial relations did this produce? Understanding Hispanic-Mapuche colonial conflicts is fundamental to drafting answers to these problems. We begin with the origins of the conflict: the Conquests of America. The Iberic ideas of expansionism, religion, law, war, and otherness permitted some hidalgos to explore and conquer distant places, as Pedro de Valdivia did in Nueva Extremadura. From there, we started questioning the understanding of the general factors that led to the conquest, occupation, and Hispanic formation of a new territory, the southernmost in the scattered empery of Spain: The Kingdom of Chile, whose political foundation, in 1541, began entangled with the war waged against several indigenous groups surrounding Santiago, the capital. Afflicted by decades of constant wars and rebellions against an indigenous population, so-called "rebelada" or "de guerra", the Spaniards, settled and dispersed from Copiapó to Chiloé, living in isolated fortresses and besieged towns, had to deal with monumental native uprisings between 1598 and 1604. The fall and abandonment of the cities and fortresses south of the Biobío River was a disruptive milestone in the Spanish failure to conquer and pacify the land of war. From this, a much-debated frontier situation would develop in the 17th century. The Frontier would be an indelible mark of this colonial reality, embodied by several frontiers of war and peace. Thereafter, a long-standing complex of frontiers was established, characterized by otherness, conflicts, and the notion of the existence of a limit. In closing, it is necessary to question how historical subjects thought, deliberated, and planned to change, maintain, or obliterate the Tierra de Guerra. We mandatorily passed through the idealization and concretization of the defensive war thought by Father Luis de Valdivia, in opposition to the offensive war proposal, a Fuego y Sangre (by fire and blood), led by several commanders and governors, among them the notable Alonso de Ribera. Captains, Jesuits, viceroys, and indigenous leaders coexisted and fought over different political projects for that spatiality. The stage for historical and centenary battles, the Land of War is a fundamental part of the fierce conflicts between Spaniards and Indigenous peoples. Loudly, this land emits echoes that can be heard even today.Master Thesis A caminho do Horto: a poética do espaço na obra de Auta de Souza (1893-1901)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-10-15) Dantas, Jussier; Albuquerque Júnior, Durval Muniz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-9240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7585947992338412; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-8244; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6992946471077711; Oliveira, Margarida Maria Dias de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-4173; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5565266295414497; Queiroz, Teresinha de Jesus Mesquita deThe objective of this work is to study the spaces present in the life and work of poetess Auta de Souza, more precisely the poetic construction of these spaces. We organize these spaces into two categories: interior and exterior spaces. For this, we take as a basis the concept of space presented by the historian Michel de Certeau, building a dialogue with the reflections of the philosopher Gaston Bachelard. Thus, through the conception of an interior space, we seek to think Auta de Souza's work as a self-writing, in which the poetess narrates her life, her relationships with family and friends, her feelings, her pains and nostalgia. On the other hand, based on the notion of exterior space, we sought to research the displacements made by Auta de Souza due to her illness - tuberculosis -, as well as the places and stories of other people recorded by the poetess in her verses. Finally, we seek to think Auta de Souza as a nineteenth-century black intellectual from Rio Grande do Norte, based on the discussion of the spaces conquered by the poetess in the midst of an intellectual universe dominated by white men. We use as a privileged source her only book of poems, Horto, as well as some other biographical and academic works that present the poetess as an object of study.Master Thesis Entre o espaço público e o espaço privado: representações femininas veiculadas no jornal O Dia em Teresina/PI na década de 1970(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2020-12-18) Sousa, Jenilda da Silva; Viana, Helder do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7276445057059197; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0318525841072475; Rocha, Olivia Candeia Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4787931078683676; Oliveira, Margarida Maria Dias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5565266295414497The central purpose of this work is to reflect, through the analysis of the newspapers of Teresina, the construction of supposed roles and moral orders directed at women, in which they were subjected to an onslaught of restriction and demarcation of their living space, through bourgeois arguments and medical-sanitary speeches, a dynamic of moralization that resulted in certain stereotypes to female behaviors and confinements in certain worn and outdated attributions in the interior of the city of Teresina / PI in the 1970s. But, at the same time, we seek to discuss how the modernization process of this capital in the same period affected the female figure, of which the greater visibility in the public scenario appeared to be related to the conquest of rights, especially in relation to education and professionalization, the which were certainly great motivators for the many other female successes throughout the 20th century. Based mainly on the newspaper O Dia consulted in the Public Archive of Piauí, in addition to bibliography of local historians, with emphasis Jurandir Gonçalves Lima (2016), Bernardo Pereira de Sá Filho (2017), Elizangela Barbosa Cardoso (2010). In order to support the analyzes, it is also sought to elaborate a theoretical support in authors such as Michel Foucault (1984), Pierre Bourdieu (1998), Roger Chartier (1990), John Thompson (2011), Anthony Giddens (1993), Michelle Perrot (2007), Joan Scott (1995). In this way, contributing to increased knowledge changes and their dispositions, possibly conflicting and contrary, pointed out the way in which the society of the time reflected and recognized certain transformations experienced by women in public and private spaces.Master Thesis "Experiências de inverno": a prática do roubo de santo e a sacralização de espaços sertanejos em comunidades rurais de Pombal-Paraíba (1950-2015)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-06-18) Sousa, Emerson José Ferreira de; Sales Neto, Francisco Firmino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3836760295812952; Andrade Júnior, Lourival; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2227836576507822; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9046069221784194; Rocha, Raimundo Nonato Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2731237954780451; Melo, Rosilene Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9242930558858891This work investigates how the theft of a saint, a practice carried out in favor of the rains in the Northeast of Brazil, constitutes the sertões as a sacred spaces. Based on the theft of Catholic images, especially that of the patron saint of rains, São José, in rural communities in the municipality of Pombal, we analyzed this winter experience, its meanings and everyday interests to understand the sacredness of rural spaces in the sertão of estate of Paraiba. In the theoretical field – based on Certeau (1998), Segaud (2016), J. Assmann (2016), A. Assmann (2011), Dubar (2006), Hall (2006), Tuan, (1983), Hobsbawm (1997 ), Geertz (2008), Ingold (2012), Descola (2015), Haesbaert (2007) and Zambrano (2001) – the research operationalizes the concepts of space, memory, identity, experience, tradition and territory in order to examine the socio-cultural aspects mobilized together with the practice to configure this sertaneja spatiality. As a methodology, from the analyzes of Meihy and Holanda (2011) and Delgado (2006), we used oral history to analyze the memories around this religious practice, constituted by the narratives of those who experience the local daily life, realizing how these memories act in the formation of spaces for remembrance and establish identities that territorialize socioreligious experiences in these locations. The iconological analysis of images and artifacts of faith linked to theft, based on Meneses (2003), and the appreciation of written documents about the lives of people who lived there, complement the methodological support of the research. Therefore, by showing that the theft of saints gave new meaning to community knowledge, memories and identities, we found that the sertões studied constitute sacred spaces.Master Thesis O intelectual e a cidade imaginada: Manoel Dantas e a construção de uma Natal do futuro (1900-1923)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-06-29) Oliveira, Gabriel Barreto da Silveira; Arrais, Raimundo Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8252775667149757; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0365766150199370; Silva Filho, Antônio Luiz Macedo e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7627767007219629; Santos, Magno Francisco de Jesus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9046069221784194This research analyzes the intellectual production of Manoel Dantas about the city of Natal in the early twentieth century. Said production consists in a series of chronicles, entitled Coisas da terra, in which the author approached some aspects of the city's daily life, and in the conference, Natal d'aqui a cincoenta annos, in which he imagined some projections for the future of the state capital. We consider that, in the set of these writings, Manoel Dantas brought out images of the city of Natal in different temporalities, which were attempts to stimulate the changes that were seen as necessary by him and by the ruling group to which he was linked at that time, the Albuquerque Maranhão and the Republican Party, who were in charge of the state government. This group undertook actions aiming to make both material transformations in the city, and to construct representations about it - the latter being a domain in which Dantas made much of his contribution. We found that the writings of Manoel Dantas evoked a conception of progress, an idea that was very present in the western thought throughout the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century. We observed that, in Rio Grande do Norte, as in other places in Brazil and in the western world, progress was linked to political practices and ideas such as freedom. Manoel Dantas initially associated progress with education – a link that the governors also made in their official messages. A few years later, however, we noticed that Dantas and his associates changed the discourse and started using the idea of progress in reference to the material interventions in the city of Natal executed by the republican governors, spreading the narrative that these governments represented a new era in the city's history, as opposed to the monarchic period, which appeared in the speeches as being characterized by the abandonment of the capital city. The chronicles had a pedagogical character and sought to diagnose problems that Dantas observed in the city and instruct readers to adopt new habits compatible with a modern city. The conference serves as an example of a utopian thought, since it created the image of a perfect Natal in the future, which would have solved all the problems of the city of the present, but that was conditioned to the continuity of the republicans' political project.Master Thesis Patrimônio, política e passado: o tombamento do Sítio Histórico de Sobral-CE, 1995-2020(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-03-26) Araújo, Edcarlos da Silva; Viana, Helder do Nascimento; ; ; Santiago Júnior, Francisco das Chagas Fernandes; ; Oliveira, Margarida Maria Dias de; ; Peixoto, Renato Amado; ; Viana, José Ítalo Bezerra;This study aims to analyze the heritage listed in Sobral-CE in 1999, by the Historic Patrimony and National Artistic Institute – IPHAN. a process was being started that changed drastically the way how space would be understood in the city until the present days. Leaving a situation where the most ancient buildings were being taken down to a moment where is usual to invest at requalification of buildings and spaces. New cultural equipments are inaugurated and through these iwe tried to mobilize a certain past in attempt of its acknowledgement. Our main manipulated sources were, laws, decrees, the study of patrimonialization, books, magazines. To understand the theme we used the texts of Candau (2019), Maria Cecília Londres Fonseca (1997), Márcia Chuva (2017), among other authors. We seek to consume these questions tensioning related themes to the cultural heritage listed patrimony, also investigating public policies and reflecting about the past events that the patrimony could preserve, through this we try to understand how the urban area may be a record of social and historic processes that formed and still form Brazil.