Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
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Master Thesis Investigação fitoquímica e avliação do potencial efetivo antiviral e da toxicidade oral aguda de Scoparia dulcis L. (Vassourinha)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2020-09-18) Jales, Francisco Leandro Medeiros de Lucena; Langassner, Silvana Maria Zucolotto; Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2929963416385218; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-0793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390416147619446; Araújo, Joselio Maria Galvão de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-2786; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6430774978643765; Fernandes, Júlia Morais; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-5352; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8060189333626922The species Scoparia dulcis L. (Plantaginaceae), commonly known as broom, is popularly used as a healing, anti-inflammatory and in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. The main secondary metabolites described for the speciesare terpenes such as scopadulcic acids A and B, scopadiol, scopadulciol, scopadulinic, scoparic acids A - C, but there are also reports of the presence of flavonoids. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antiviral potential and toxicity of the extract of the leaves of S. dulcis. Four hydroethanolic extracts were prepared from the urban area of the city of Natal,and only one extract produced from the collection carried out in the rural area of thecity of Serra CaiadaRN, with variation in the method of extraction and alcohol content: maceration 35%, and 70% and 35% and 70% turbolysis. The extracts wereanalyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer and the content of total flavonoids and phenols was observed. The extracts obtained from samples from the urban area were subjected to non- clinical in vitro cytotoxicity tests, through the evaluation of cell viability in Vero cells by the MTT assay, and of antiviral activity against Herpes virus type 1 and antiviral activity against the herpes virus type I- (HSV-1) in the tests: virucidal activity, post- infection, concomitant and pretreatment. The acute oral toxicity of the extract obtained by macerating 70% of samples collected from the rural area of Serra Caiada was evaluated in an in vivo model, by oral administration of 2000 mg / kg. 31substances in S. dulcis extracts, mostly flavonoids such as quercetin-derived O- glycosides, in addition to benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester, oleic acid methyl ester, phytol acid methyl ester, methyl ester stearic acid, n-tetracosane and five more compounds with a fragmentation profile similar toterpenes have been described for the species. As for the content of total phenols and flavonoids, the extracts that presented the highest content were: turbolysis 70%urban area with 104.18 ± 0.05 for phenols and 64.06 ± 0.05 for flavonoids and maceration 70% rural area, with 98.04 ± 0.03 and 56.75 ± 0.06. There was a cell viability above 80% for all extracts from the urban zone up to a concentration of 250µg / mL, with the exception of the extract obtained by 35% turbolysis, which presented cell viability below 50%. In the studied antiviral models, the extract obtained by turbolysis 70% proved to be the most efficient when compared to the other extracts, since it promoted a significant inhibition of the HSV-1 virus. Regardingthe assessment of acute toxicity in vivo of the extract obtained by maceration 70% (rural sample), no changes were observed in the biochemical, behavioral or hematological parameters that were suggestive of toxicity generated by the extract in the evaluated / tested concentration. Finally, the species showed a potential antiviral effect in vitro and showed no signs of toxicity in vitro and in an acute modelin vivo.