Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
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Master Thesis Associação entre estresse oxidativo e a osteopenia diabética: efeito da suplementação com cálcio, fósforo e vitamina E(2003-08-29) Rodrigues, Alanna de Sousa; Thornton, Maria das Graças Almeida; Rezende, Adriana Augusto de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4245215108740331; ; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0819752921364531; Brandão Neto, José; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6905360146925949; Queiroz, Maria Goretti Rodrigues de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8792842617230865The increase of EROs concentration, through diabetes mellitus, can alter the normal bone metabolism, causing osteopenia. A calcium, fosforum and vitamin E supplementation, can be a very good action in bone. In thi study were used male Wistar rats (n=125), weight ranging from 250 – 350g, and were divided in three groups: group 1 control (n=45) group 2 experimental diabetic (n=45) and group 3 supplementadies diabetic (n=35) in calcium, fosforum and vitamin E. The animals were inuced with streptozotocin (45mg/Kg ) and killed in periods of 1 to 5 days after the indution e 5, 30, 60 and 90 days after installation of experimental diabetes mellitus. Animals with glycemia ≤ 250 mg/ dL was considered diabetics.In each period was realized determinations of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances and levels of reduced glutathione in blood and brain, histomorfometric measurement of left fermurs, and dosages of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, ionizable calcium, total calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, glycemia, creatinin and albumin in serum and glucose, phosphorus, magnesium, creatinine and clearence of creatinin in urine. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances at brain and plasma, choose higher at group 2 in relation group 1, and reduced in group 3, in period of 90 days. The levels of reduced glutathione in brain and blood, at 90 days, was decreased in group 2 and increased at group 3. The histomorphometric results show a less in middle of 50% in trabecular bone volume analysed per distance between the trabeculaes thickness of trabeculae and bone quantity in experimental diabetic animals in comparison to the control group and for controls group and, supplemented animals this lose reduced very much arriving sizes near found in control group. The activity of alkaline phosphatase showed superior values in relation of groups 2 and 3, about comparing group 1 and acid phosphatase increased higher in groups 2 and 3, about all controls, in a 90 days. The serum concentration of phosphorus, magnesium, ionazle calcium, total calcium and creatinine, didn´t show alterations, and the results are well if compare the reference result. The albumin serum showed less to group 2 and 3. The urine analyse showed significative glycosúria to groups 2 and 3 if compared with group 1. In relation phosphatury, observed a significative increase principally to group 3 and creatinine clearance relation wasn´t observed differences to group 2 and 3. The results observed suggest that calcium, phosphorus and vitamin E supplementation, decreased the oxidative alterations which the diabetics were the cause, and helped bone metabolism, decreasing the lose bone that ocurr in this syndromeMaster Thesis Células da resposta imune em mulheres portadoras de candidíase vulvovaginal(2006-04-26) Queiroz Filho, José; Sales, Valéria Soraya de Farias; ; ; Lima, Carlos Eduardo Queiroz de; ; Cavalcanti Júnior, Geraldo Barroso;Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common infections in the clinical practice of a gynecologist. and control of this disease is carried out by various defense mechanisms, where the cellular immune response appears to be fundamental. In order to investigate the cellular immune response in women with and without CVV, Peripheral blood cells of vaginal mucosa were evaluated, the concentrations of total and specific IgE to Candida albicans, 60 women and 40 with VVC and 20 as a control group, aged 10 to 60 years years served in the gynecology service Hapvida health complex in Natal (RN) in the period January-March 2006. Peripheral blood samples were taken by venipuncture and cell count of each patient was performed by automation and manual counting in blood smears stained with Giemsa. Quantification of CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes was performed by flow cytometry Vaginal smears were prepared with shaved lateral vaginal wall, The slides were fixed immediately in absolute ethanol and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin, 10 were analyzed by microscopic fields blades eyepiece 10X and 40X objective. The serum IgE concentrations and total specific for Candida albicans, They were obtained by chemiluminescence and fluoroimmunoassay. In peripheral blood and vaginal shaved studied cell type cell neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher exact test and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation test In the group of women with VVC cell analysis in peripheral blood eosinophil predominated, (average 302.60) and this significant finding with p = 0.037 in the control group. . The cell study the cells in vaginal scrapings showed significant differences in neutrophils neutrophils, (average 230.70) and lymphocytes (average 11.50) with significance of p = 0.0001. .With Respect to quantification of CD4 + T lymphocytes and CD8 + there was no statistical significance. IgE serum concentrations and specific overall did not show statistical significance and and both groups the results were similar in the different methodologies. By relating the total serum IgE concentrations (mean = 308.83), with eosinophils in the peripheral blood of women with VVC had a 0.25 considered low correlation index.Master Thesis Imunoterapia de úlceras venosas com ß-(1-3) glucana insolúvel(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-09-28) Medeiros, Sarah Dantas Viana; Sales, Valéria Soraya de Farias; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8525532896559374; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6066482541332518; Medeiros, Aldo da Cunha; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9873289951810864; Sarinho, Emanuel Sávio Cavalcanti; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0557373983746122Master Thesis Influência do tamoxifeno associado ao diabete melito na densidade mineral óssea(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006-05-17) Almeida, Maria Margareth Câmara de; Rezende, Adriana Augusto de; Almeida, Maria das Graças; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0321740024191482; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4245215108740331; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826461811980992; Catanho, Maria Teresa Jansem de Almeida; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2204048396738679; Ramos, Ana Maria de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2365612055067945Considering that osteopenia and osteoporosis are diabetes mellitus complications, and that tamoxifen (TAM) is an anti-estrogenic drug used in breast cancer treatment, this drug may have a beneficial action preventing accentuaded bone loss associated to diabetes. Female Wistar rats (n=60) weighting 180-250g were divided in four groups: Group C, control animals (n=5); Group T, animals treated with TAM (n=5); Group D, diabetic animals (n=5); and Group DT, diabetic animals treated with TAM (n=5). Oestrus cycle was evaluated before the beggining of experimental period to select the animals with regular cycle. This evaluation continued throughout the study period and for all studied groups. Diabetes was induced by a intra perithoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in a concentration of 45 mg/Kg of body weight. Those animals with serum glicose levels 250 mg/dL were considered diabetics. Animals were sacrificed in the periods of 30, 60 and 90 days after diabetes onset. Left femur histomorphometric measurements and serum biochemical analysis (glycemia, alkaline phosphatase, tartaric-resistant acid phosphatase, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, total proteins, albumin, globulins, urea and creatinine) were done. Histomorphometric results showed a progressive bone loss in Group D animals when compared to those from Group C all over the experimental period, becoming accentuaded in the 90 days period. In relation to Groups T and DT, values approcimated to those obtained for control group were found during the whole period of study. Those data may indicate a bone mass recovery or a diminished bone loss due to diabetes when animals were treated with TAM. During the whole experimental period animals of groups D and DT maintained glycemic levels above 250 mg/dL whereas animals of groups C and T maintained those levels below 150mg/dL. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased in all study periods for groups D and DT when compared to group C animals over the 90 days period. Tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase activity was showed unaltered in all periods of study and for all groups. Calcium and magnesium results were also unaltered, maintaining reference levels for all groups in all experimental periods. Phosphorous levels were increased in groups D and DT when compared to groups C and T in the 30 days period. However no difference was found in the periods of 60 and 90 days for this test. No difference was found for total proteins levels for groups C, T, D and DT over the study period. Albumin levels were reduced in DT group in the 60 days period and in D and DT groups in the 90 days period. Urea levels were significantly increased in the 30, 60 and 90 days study periods in groups D and DT when compared to groups C and T. Creatinine results showed a significantly increase in the 90 days period for groups D and DT when compared to groups C and T, and maintaining unaltered in the 30 and 60 days periods. These results suggest that the treatment with TAM may reduce bone loss caused by diabetes mellitusMaster Thesis Avaliação citológica em base líquida de fármacos moduladores estrogênicos(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006-08-18) Martins, Rand Randall; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4311626091295357; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8062199269259772; Lima, Carlos Eduardo Queiroz; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7570443241449901; Freire, Ana Cláudia Galvão; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3215086103105355Hormone therapy is an important tool in the treatment of breast cancer and tamoxifen represents one of the most important drugs used in this type of treatment. Recently other drugs based on the inhibition of aromatase had been developed, this enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of estrogenic esteroids from the androgenic ones. The objective of this study would be the development of a quantitative cytological model of murine estral analysis that allowed the characterization of different hormone drugs effect over vaginal epithelium. The technique of monochromatic staining with Evans blue (C.I. 23860) showed to be efficient in the qualitative and quantitative classification of the cycle. It had been observed differences in the cytological standard of animals submitted to the studied drugs; tamoxifen presented a widening of phases of lesser maturation (diestrais), while anastrozole and exemestane increased the duration of the phases of larger maturation (estrais). The data were analysed through a cubical non linear regression (spline) which allowed a better characterization of the drugs, suggesting a proper cytological profile to the antagonism of the estrogen receptor (tamoxifen), aromatase competition (anastrozole) and inhibition of the enzyme (exemestane)Master Thesis Influência do hipoestrogenismo por ooforectomia na adaptação antioxidante em ratas wistar exercitadas regularmente(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-03-31) Marcedo, Ulisvaldo Brunno de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0321740024191482; ; Pinho, Ricardo Aurino de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0941343786335040; Maranhão, Técia Maria de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7869140767244263Post-menopause is a period of women s life cycle that is characterized by estrogen depletion and therefore increasing cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, urogenital atrophy, osteoporosis, hot flushes and sexual discomfort incidences. Estrogen is a hormone with comfirmed antioxidant action and its depletion is related to oxidative stress instalation and damaging various important biomolecules. Regular physical activity has been identified as a factor involved in reducing women s post-menopausal complications in addition to improving antioxidant defense by reducing the oxidative damage and consequently improving life s quality in this part of the population. This study aims to evaluate the influence of hypoestrogenism in antioxidant adaptation due to regular exercise, by determining reduced glutathione (GSH) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (SRAT) concentrations and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities in blood, brain and liver of rats. To achieve this goal we used 50 Wistar rats, weighing 180-250g which were divided into two groups, control - GC (25) and ooforectomized - GO (25). Each group was subdivided into five subgroups: Not-trained - S (5), Not-trained Acute Exercise - SEA (5), regular exercise 30 days - E30 (5), regular exercise 60 days - E60 (5) and regular exercise 90 days - E90 (5). Each of the three subgroups exercised regularly was subjected to acute exercise on the eve and the day of sacrifice to collect biological samples of blood, liver and brain and subsequent determination of SRAT concentration, GSH content and antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD and CAT activities. The results indicated that the sedentary animals acutely exercised presented oxidative stress and regular physical activity led to antioxidant adaptation. In ooforectomized group the antioxidant adaptation seen in control animals showed to be impaired. Unlike the results from blood and liver, in brain there was a shield against oxidative damage originated by the exercise and that hypoestrogenism led to a loss of this natural antioxidant potential. Therefore, hypoestrogenism interferes negatively in antioxidant adaptation due to regular exerciseMaster Thesis Avaliação da presença de osteopatia decorrente do diabetes tipo 1 em crianças e adolescentes do Rio Grande do Norte(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008-09-22) Loureiro, Melina Bezerra; Rezende, Adriana Augusto de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4245215108740331; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8172108729779350; Donadi, Eduardo Antônio; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8778713382135771; Schwarzschild, Lúcia de Fátima Campos Pedrosa; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1863589790139155Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and osteoposes are chronic diseases with great socioeconomic consequences, mainly due to the late complications and consequent disabilities. The potential effects of DM on bone metabolism remain a very conroversial issue, and disagreement exists with regard to the clinical implications of diabetic osteopenia and the mechanism of its ocurrence. The issue is further complicated by the contribuicion of the especific factors, such as duration of disease an dthe degree of metabolic control. The objective of this study is to identify the osteopathy in children and adolescents with DM 1 assisted in the hospital of pediatrics, UFRN, through biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism and the extent of bone mineral density. The study was composed by 74 diabetics type 1 patients (DM1) of both gender and aged 6 to 20 yars. Normoglicêmic group was composed by 97 healthy subjects of both genders, which showed the same age range of DM1, in addition to same socioeconomic class. These individuals qere students from the networks of public education in the city of Natal-RN, randomly invited to paticipate in our study. Both groups DM1 and NG were divided intofour subgroups, according to the classification of tanner , T1, T2, T3, T4 for achieving a benchmark. Diabetic individuals showed up with a poor glycemic control. the group DN1 T4 showed an incresead value for total protein, albumin, urea and microalbumiuria are predictors of grumelura injury in DM1 patients . The total alkaline phosphatase activitywas kept on high levels for both groups because they are in a stature development age. For osteocalcin there were decreased levels for groups Dm1 T1, T2, and T3 when compared to their NG (s), suggesting that this decrease could be associated with reduction in the number and/or differentiation os osteoblasts thereby contributing to reducing bone formation. There were no changes in the activity of TRAP. The serum concentrations of total and ionized calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were included within the RV. It was observed that the BMD (Z- SCORE ) has always been within the RV for both groups, despite to DM1 T4. Taking all together, our results support the hypothesis that children and adolescents with type 1 DM present the risk in the long run to suffer a reduction in the bone mass, associated to poor glicemic control and disease duration. It could limit the bone growth and increase the probality of development of osteopenia, as well as other complications surch as retinopathy and renal failureMaster Thesis Avaliação "in vitro" e "in vivo" da atividade antioxidante do extrato hidroetanólico de folhas de Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans (Turneraceae)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-03-26) Brito, Naira Josele Neves de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0321740024191482; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2538518433072881; Ferreira, Aurigena Antunes Araújo; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4792980U2; Rodriguez, Jorge Alberto Lopez; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6940701204545519Recently, it has been a increasing interest in the antioxidative role of natural products to aid the endogenous protective biological systems against the deleterious effects of oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) reactive species. Many antioxidant compounds, naturally occurring from plant sources. Natural antioxidants can protect and prevent the human body from oxidative stress and retard the progress of many diseases in which free radical are involved. Several plants used in the folk medicine to treat certain disorders that are accompanied by inflammation and other pharmacological properties have been proved their attributed properties, such antioxidant activity. Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans (Turneraceae), frequently employed by population as a medicinal plant, demonstrated antioxidant activity by in vitro and in vivo assays, using its leaf hydroethanolic extract (10%) he in vitro DPPH radical-scanvenging activity showed a strong antioxidant activity (86.57% ± 0.14), similar to Carduus marianus and catequine effects. For the in vivo assays, adult female Wistar rats (n=48) with carbon tetrachloride hepatic injury induced (2,5mL/kg i.p.) were used, Six groups or rats were uses (n=8) [G1 = control (1,25 mL/kg i.p. vehicle); G2 = CCl4 (2,5 mL/kg i.p.); G3 = CCl4 + extract 7 days (500 mg/kg p.o.); G4 = CCl4 + Legalon® 7 days (50 mg/kg p.o.), G5 = CCl4 + extract 21 days (500 mg/kg p.o.) e G6 = CCl4 + Legalon® 21 days (50 mg/kg p.o.)]. The hepatic oxidative injury was evaluated through biochemical parameters [alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST)] histopathological study, while thiobarbituric acid reactive products (TBAR), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were used to evaluate proantioxidant parameters. The plant extract tested was found effective as hepatoprotective as evidenced by a decreasing in the ALT and AST activities (p<0.001) and TBAR (plasma, p<0.001 and liver, p<0.001). Levels of GSH (blood, p<0.001 and liver, p<0.001) and antioxidant enzymes [CAT erythrocyte (p<0.05) and hepatic (p<0.01); SOD erythrocyte (p<0.001) and hepatic (p<0.001); GPx erythrocyte (p<0.001) and hepatic (p<0.001)] were also significantly increased. Histopathological changes induced by CCl4 were significantly reduced by the extract treatment. The data obtained were comparable to that of Legalon®, a reference hepatoprotective drug. The results showed that T. ulmifolia leaf extract protects against CCl4 induced oxidative damage. Therefore, this effect must be associated to its antioxidant activity, attributed to the phenolic compounds, present in these extract, which can act as free radical scavengersMaster Thesis Medidas antropométricas e avaliação do perfil lipídico de indivíduos obesos e com sobrepeso residentes no Estado do RN(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-08-31) Gomes, Samara Fontes de Lima; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4311626091295357; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8311331904122017; Brandão Neto, José; ; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783031A0; Cavagis, Alexandre Donizeti Martins; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0907530041669620Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing numerous medical conditions, besides is associated with shortened life span. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric measurements and lipid profile in adult overweight and obese subjects residents in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The methodology was the analysis of certain biochemical parameters in serum of individuals and a physical evaluation that consisted of measurements of blood pressure and anthropometric data. In addition, the volunteers of the research answered a questionnaire about personal, social and clinical data. 1741 samples were collected, of which 432 (24,8%) were obese. Of these, 280 were selected to participate in the study, including 118 (42,1%) men and 162 (57,9%) women. Of the remaining 1309 individuals, 731 (55,8%) were overweight. Among them, 179 (24.5%) were analyzed in this study, with 56,4% female. Of the remaining 578 normal individuals, 143 were selected as controls in the research. Amid the obese, overweight and eutrophic, there were respectively 10% vs 5% vs 5,6% of diabetics, 92,1% vs 85,5% vs 68,7% of dyslipidemics and 38,6% vs 22,3% vs 15,6% of hypertensive patients. The degree of obesity presented by the participants was varied, with the majority (72,8%) fall into grade I obese, 22,9% (64) in grade II and only 4,3% (12) in grade III. Mean anthropometric participants showed statistically significant differences between groups eutrophic, overweight and obese on the BMI, WC, WHR and %BF and between sexes in CC, WHR and %BF. As the mean serum biochemical parameters to evaluate the lipid profile showed significant differences between groups eutrophic, overweight and obese, unless the exception of HDL among overweight and obese. The significance level was 5% (p <0.05)Master Thesis Aleitamento e infecções por parasitas intestinais em gestantes adolescentes e seus filhos(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009-07-31) Araujo, Milena Thaisa Figueiredo de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8525532896559374; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2467889785454551; Freire, Ana Cláudia Galvão; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3215086103105355; Medeiros, Zulma Maria de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172369047278624The exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life practice is essential for the health and development of children. Studies show there is in human milk protective antibodies against intestinal parasites and a relationship between the absence of breastfeeding or weaning and parasitic infections. This work was a prospective cohort study involving 34 pregnant adolescents attended school in Maternity Januario Cicco / RN and their children, to assess the influence of breastfeeding on intestinal parasites in them. Thus, the parasitic infection was investigated by examination of feces parasitological and environmental factors by use of questionnaires. The average age of the mothers studied was 16.2 years. Of these 76.4% were infected and the most prevalent species of parasites were Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (76.9%), Giardia lamblia (19.2%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (11.5%). The infected children had an average age of 5.1 months and the frequency of parasites was 61.7%. The infection was earlier detecctada with 45 days of life. The most common parasites were Giardia lamblia (40%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (35%), Ascaris lumbricoides (5%) and Ancylostoma (5%). The average length of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.2 months. There was an association between increased duration of exclusive breastfeeding and increased time to detection of parasites in the feces of children. There was no statistically significant correlation between the socio-economic conditions and cultural and breastfeeding. The data reinforce the importance of breastfeeding to protect the children in its first year of life