Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia
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Master Thesis O uso do território em áreas de Maré-Mangue da Região Metropolitana de Natal - Rio Grande do Norte - Brasil(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-08-12) Soares, Deyvid Alcimar; Azevedo, Francisco Fransualdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2719998085102847; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1037656850221150; Costa, Diógenes Felix da Silva; Albuquerque, Edu Silvestre de; Silva, Anieres Barbosa daIn Brazil, mangroves form a true green belt that covers almost the entire coastline. In this context, they have been, and still are, at the forefront of significant events that have impacted the country’s coastal zone, such as colonization, urbanization, and industrialization. The forms of territorial use that take shape in these areas are highly diverse, ranging from housing to large-scale extractive activities. The state of Rio Grande do Norte has mangroves distributed along its coastline, with the most intense and diversified forms of use concentrated in the Metropolitan Region of Natal, especially in the estuary and inlet of the Potengi River. Considering the various forms of territorial use in mangrove areas and the scarce research conducted on the subject, the guiding question arises: what are the relationships established among distinct forms of territorial use in Maré-Mangue areas of the Metropolitan Region of Natal-RN, considering the intrinsic contradictions of this process? Thus, we established the general objective of understanding the contradictions present in the forms of territorial use in Maré-Mangue areas of the Metropolitan Region of Natal, and, to support this, the specific objectives of analyzing the forms of territorial use in Maré-Mangue areas in Brazil, particularly in the Northeast; relating distinct forms of territorial use in Maré-Mangue areas of the Metropolitan Region of Natal and the dialectics intrinsic to this process, considering the different agents, conflicts, and regulations; and contextualizing the forms of territorial use by considering rationality and counter-rationality in Maré-Mangue areas of the MRN. The research is classified as qualitative in nature and employed bibliographic and documentary review, non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, focus groups, and accessible participatory posters as instruments for collecting primary and secondary data. As a result, we preliminarily developed the analytical category “Maré-Mangue Areas,” since we understand that mangroves represent more than a simple ecosystem for society, being intertwined with social, cultural, and economic aspects. From an empirical standpoint, when analyzing the Maré-Mangue areas of the Metropolitan Region of Natal, we identified and related diverse forms of territorial use in the municipalities of Maxaranguape, Ceará-Mirim, Extremoz, Natal, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Macaíba, Parnamirim, Nísia Floresta, Arês, and Goianinha. Among the main forms of use are artisanal fishing, predatory fishing, tourism, shrimp farming, and housing. These distinct forms of territorial use interact in such a way as to constitute a dialectically contradictory reality in Maré-Mangue areas, a reality often sustained by pragmatic discourses driven by the market, which directly contribute to a portion of Society, composed of “slow men” and their places, being pushed into marginalization.Doctoral Thesis O circuito espacial de produção do vestuário: os usos do território do Rio Grande do Norte no contexto técnico-científico-informacional(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2021-05-04) Farias, Francisca Diane Pereira de; Azevedo, Francisco Fransualdo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2719998085102847; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8221048743696170; Barbosa, Jane Roberta de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7545246014722591; Nonato Júnior, Raimundo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2778825855162912; Whitacker, Arthur Magon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9260024751979241; Silva, Márcia daThe technical-scientific-informational period amplified the possibilities for expansion and command of capitalist economic activities at a global level. In this context, the modernization of the telecommunications and transport systems has become the tools that enabled the increase of material and immaterial flows and the widening of the territorial division of labor, in addition to the new role that financialization and credit have taken on in the context of world economy.In Brazil, this process intensifies since 1970, which made it possible to deepen the territorial division of labor at a national level and to expand and emerge new spatial production circuits. In this context, new forms of use of the territory in Rio Grande do Norte were created by the hegemonic agents of the economy, in line with the actions of the State. Therefore, a process of restructuring of its territory and of the pre-existing economic activities was promoted, among them, the textile industry of clothing and apparel, which started to be commanded by large companies originated, mainly, in the Southeast of the country. Regarding specifically the clothing sector, there is the configuration of a wide and diverse spatial production circuit, in terms of agents, scales, networks and material and immaterial flows. In this way, the thesis here defended starts from the premise that, the diffusion of the technical-scientific-informational medium in Brazil and the incentive policies to industrial development promoted by the State, expanded and diversified the spatial circuit of clothing production in Rio Grande do Norte from the increase in the flow of goods, the attraction of large external economic groups, the creation of medium and small local companies and the territorial expansion on a national scale of the Guararapes Group. Therefore, we aimed to understand how the use of potiguar territory is configured by the spatial circuit of clothing production in the technical-scientific-informational context. To this end, the study is based on the theoretical-methodological conception of spatial circuits of production and on the contributions of several interlocutors, among which the geographer Milton Santos stands out, in addition to other authors who expand the reflection on the current global economic situation, such as David Harvey, François Chesnais, Georges Benko and others. The results obtained confirm the thesis presented that the process of productive restructuring, the diversification of the technical-scientific-informational environment in line with financialization allowed for different ways of using the territory of Rio Grande do Norte by the spatial circuit of clothing production. The performance of small local capital companies such as Del Rayssa, Daya, Miss Modas and others, present strategies for organizing and expanding the stages of production, circulation and trade subsidized by elements inherent to this process, however, the scale of action of these agents is circumscribed to the local and regional dimensions, presenting varying levels with regard to the technical content employed and the incorporation of the variables resulting from financialization, which makes it difficult, among other factors, to expand its scales of territorial realization. On the other hand, companies with national operations, such as the Guararapes Group, have expanded their territorial participation in the space production circuit of clothing, based on the articulation between policies to encourage industrialization promoted by the State, the adoption of productive flexibility, the tools of the environment technical-scientific-informational for the rational and logistical use of the state and national territory, and the association between industrial, commercial and financial capital.Doctoral Thesis O uso agrícola do território no Rio Grande do Norte: da agroecologia à agricultura orgânica(2019-08-23) Andrade, Vanessa de Cássia Tavares; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; ; Hespanhol, Antonio Nivaldo; ; Brasil, Deusimar Freire; ; Nonato Júnior, Raimundo; ; Nardoque, Sedeval;Currently, science, technique and information control the production, use of objects and determine actions and standards. Technical objects have an important role to fulfill, since they are created to accomplish determined tasks in addition to carrying intentionality. In this regard, the certification of organic production revealed the strategies adopted by hegemonic agents to produce and reproduce capital widely, selectively and unequally through the speeches of environmental preservation and protection of the agroecological agricultural practices. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the different uses of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte based on practices of agroecology and organic agriculture in terms of technical-scientific and informational progress. In addition, it is intended to reflect on how the standardizations imposed by the State, companies and international organizations contribute to the exclusion of small farmers and hamper the implementation of agroecological proposals and actions. The standardization of organic production is harmful to non-hegemonic agents, since it is selective and exclude small farmers who do not have enough financial capital to meet such regulation. Although successful experiences were performed based on agroecological practices, many products that are available in the industry as agroecological are actually organic agricultural products, which are identified by consumers through a certification seal. In order to assess the different agricultural uses of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte, a bibliographic analysis was adopted as methodological procedure using secondary and primary data, which was gathered through interviews conducted with the subjects involved in the problem under discussion. The analysis of the Rio Grande do Norte territory's different uses by agroecology and organic agriculture contributed to understand how the agroecological discourse has been appropriated by capital and commercialized through organic agriculture, which has been characterized as a niche of capital expansion. In conclusion, the State ensures the conditions for the capital to create and recreate strategies for its expanded production and reproduction.Master Thesis Uso do território e a questão fundiária quilombola em Sergipe(2019-03-15) Conceição, Hericondio Santos; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; ; Morais, Hugo Arruda de; ; Santos, Josefa de Lisboa;El artículo 68 del Acto de las Disposiciones Constitucionales Transitorias de 1988 y los Artículos 215 y 216 de la Constitución Federal consisten en las primeras normas dirigidas a la garantía de los derechos étnicos y territoriales de las comunidades quilombolas. Para su efectividad, tales instrumentos vienen siendo regulados por decretos más detallados y específicos, que definen el papel de los órganos estatales en el proceso de titulación de los territorios quilombolas, lo que es objeto de disputas políticas que involucran intereses contrarios a los derechos de las comunidades. La territorialización de la Política de Regularización de los Territorios Quilombolas en Sergipe tiene como característica el desencadenamiento / acrecimiento de una serie de conflictos protagonizados por diversos sectores de la sociedad como, por ejemplo, el Estado, madereras, constructoras, mineras, hacendados, contra las comunidades quilombolas. Esta divergencia de intereses viene dificultando la efectividad del derecho al uso del territorio por las comunidades quilombolas, a través de estrategias que desencadenan más conflictos. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación, adoptamos una metodología en la que partimos de las comunidades quilombolas autodeclaradas y certificadas por la Fundación Palmares, al mismo tiempo trabajamos con comunidades que tuvieron su proceso de regularización iniciado por el INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonización y Reforma Agraria) RTID (Informe Técnico de Identificación y Delimitación). Los RTIDs nos dan una caracterización general de las comunidades, como número de familias, municipio de localización, área destinada a la comunidad entre otras informaciones. A partir del número de familias y del área destina, pudimos establecer un paralelo con la política de Reforma Agraria. A partir de esa asociación entre la Política de Regularización de los Territorios Quilombolas y la Política de Reforma Agraria, identificamos que las tierras disponibles para comunidades quilombolas en Sergipe están muy por debajo de un módulo fiscal, dificultando la reproducción digna de esas comunidades. En tiempo, esa investigación permitió reconocer los conflictos y las territorialidades, marcadas por el sentimiento de grupo y de identidad entre los quilombolas. Esta investigación está basada en la teoría del espacio geográfico como totalidad, y su operacionalización toma como punto de partida la idea de que el uso del territorio es regido por el sistema normativo, el cual se origina del actual sistema técnico del territorio como norma.Master Thesis O uso do território e o sistema técnico eólio-energético: coexistências, conflitos e solidariedades com os assentamentos rurais de reforma agrária no Rio Grande do Norte(2018-04-30) Barros, Luis Felipe Fernandes; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; ; Barbosa, Jane Roberta de Assis; ; Nardoque, Sedeval;Until 18th century, there was a common trait to all World: absence of electrical energy. With the advent of this new technique, the way human beings lived changed completely, requiring the creation of a set of strategies to keep stability of supply and demand. Upon the first signs of exhaustion of traditional energy sources in the world, debates about the need for “renewable” energy sources emerged. Soon arose a territorial split of work, presenting a clear relationship between potentialities offered by the ecological environment and availability of techniques to use them. Brazil, with huge hydroelectric potential, has been investing massively in this power source since the 30s of past century. And, since the beginning of 21st century, wind energy investment has grown exponentially. In the State of Rio Grande do Norte, electricity generation by wind power has advanced significantly and, nowadays, the state produces 3.4Gw, adding up to 27% of nacional eolic production. Therefore, this study intends to understand solidarities and conflicts arising from the coexistence of wind power activities and land reformation rural settlements in potiguar lands. Some specific questions will also be addressed, highlighting: the relationship between modernity and power demand; the formation of Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN); Rio Grande do Norte’s situation within SIN-Brasil, from consumer to self-sufficient state; the spatial distribution of wind power plants across the state and it’s consequences in land reformation settlements. To address these questions, methodologies included bibliographic surveys, guided interviews, visitation to 45 (forty five) pre-selected locations across the state, including photographic register of a wide range of arrangements. Field reports described in this study reveal frustration of communities surounding the power plants, broken promises, loss of the right to the suroundings, repression of movement, but also benefits in each place through the development of multiple projects and actions in rural potiguar environment. It’s mandatory to state that these are enterprises involved in a complex articulation network between the private and political sectors, with a sleek and persuasive speech, where local population bear restricted deciding power. Yet, this activity is presented as a keystone to Rio Grande do Norte’s development through energetic self-sufficiency.Master Thesis Contradições entre o uso do território e o fetiche do turismo na RESEX Marinha Delta do Parnaíba (PI-MA)(2018-03-23) Rocha, Ricardo Rayan Nascimento; Furtado, Edna Maria; ; ; Fonseca, Maria Aparecida Pontes da; ; Silveira, Shaiane Vargas da;The tourism phenomenon, as an economic activity that has been producing its "geographies" for its happening, has a socio-spatial dynamics that produces diverse territorialities in the use of the territory and consequently, in the geographic space. This is due to the inherently economic logic of this activity in the process of appropriation of the landscape, as well as the singularities (social, cultural, environmental, etc.) of the place for the promotion and materialization of tourism. However, although it is an activity that has been associated with the paradigm of sustainable development, that is, as an alternative in the harmonious reconciliation process between man and the environment, thinking about environmental impacts, there is a complex of contradictions to the economic structure and ideological discourse that underpins tourism. From the context presented, we aim to analyze the relationship between tourism phenomena and traditional communities regarding the use of the Marinha do Parnaíba Delta (PI-MA) RESET territory, seeking to understand contradictions in the process of local invisibilization . For this, we adopted as a methodology, a bibliographical survey of both geographic literature, as well as related areas, as well as a documentary research with primary data for the initial construction of the narrative proposed here. At the same time, we conducted semi-structured interviews with the traditional communities and ICMBio, important figures for the process of territorialization of the Marinha Delta Delta of Parnaíba. Therefore, the results obtained indicate that for the tourism phenomenon to occur in the Parnaíba Delta (PI-MA), especially in its RESEX, other uses of the territory are invisibilized, such as the extractivism of the crab tasting and artisanal fishing. That is, the use as shelter does not enter as an element in the process of tourism, to the detriment of use as a resource by Tourism. With this, we observe that the territorialisation of tourism in the Delta is exclusive and consequently contradictory, thinking of the absence of economic impacts on local development and income generation for the traditional communities of the Marinha Delta del Parnaíba (PI-MA), propagandized in the discourse of sustainable segments of tourism. This context highlights the need to rethink tourism through other perspectives, as an instrument of territorial affirmation for the communities included in the Marinha Delta Delta of Parnaíba (PI-MA) and thus, to test new possibilities for tourism in the local context.Doctoral Thesis Usos do território e rede urbana potiguar(2017-09-29) Tavares, Edseisy Silva Barbalho; Silva, Aldo Aloisio Dantas da; ; ; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; Gomes, Rita de Cássia da Conceição; ; Silva, Adriana Maria Bernardes da; ; Sposito, Maria Encarnação Beltrão;Master Thesis Território, técnica e agricultura no Rio Grande do Norte(2015-02-25) Lima, Fernanda Laize Silva de; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; ; Silva, Aldo Aloisio Dantas da; ; Silva, Anieres Barbosa da;In recent decades, Brazilian agriculture has shown a new technical and social standard production model from the increasing incorporation of new scientific and informational contents, characteristics of the current historical moment, in agricultural technical systems, process that mean by technological improvement of agriculture. However, we must emphasize the selective character that marks this process, which occurs unevenly in space and time, by favoring certain areas of the territory, agricultural products and categories of producers. In this perspective, the position we stand here, while research problem, is that while there are in Rio Grande do Norte, empirical object of research, areas that stand having higher technical levels (in science and information) in agriculture, there is a set of natural elements of the newborn, which when combined, conditioning to make particular the realization of agricultural technification process, making the state one rarefaction area that falls in a different manner in the technical and territorial divisions of the Brazilian agricultural work. From this premise, the present research was mainly aimed to analyze the process of agricultural technification in Rio Grande do Norte, in the technical-scientific-informational period, with special attention to reverberation of this process in the configuration and the agricultural use of the territory. It was developed a literature review on the use of territory and agricultural technical systems, associated with the use of secondary data, mainly obtained from the official agencies, such as IBGE, FIERN and EMPARN, as well attention at the use of specific methodological procedures of Statistics for the appropriate treatment of the data used. In addition, specific procedures of empirical research, such as conducting interviews with social agents involved in agriculture and the use of observational techniques made it possible to identify and understand the complexity of the agricultural use of Rio Grande do Norte's territory, marked by coexistences technicians and temporalities levels.Master Thesis Uso do território na Microrregião da Serra de Santana a partir da instalação de parques eólicos(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2016-03-31) Souza, Geralda Juliet Tavares de; Morais, Ione Rodrigues Diniz; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9233980341514642; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1626072214901526; Gomes, Rita de Cassia da Conceição; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3188665123953039; Silva, Anieres Barbosa da; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8641112963259245The work presented aims to analyze the use of the territory of the Serra de Santana from the deployment of wind farms. From this perspective, it attempted to describe the historical context in which this micro-region emerged as wind energy production area, considering aspects of international, national and state level; identify the discourse created by the institutions and the local society about the wind; relate the elements of space (ecological environment, men, firms and institutions) to the wind energy production in micro-regional level; evaluate the changes that activity in urban areas, considering aspects related to trade and services, and in rural areas, with regard to land ownership and land rent. Among the theoretical contributions of the research there are the approaches of Milton Santos about space and their respective elements and territory used. The methodological procedures used were bibliographical and historical research; documentary research; observation in locus and interviews. The results indicate that, from 2010, with the adoption of national investments in alternative sources of energy policy, a new use logic of the territory was included in the micro-region from the installation of wind farms. The definition of this area as wind power producer is associated with their ecological environment, especially the high altitutes that can reach up to 750 meters, which associated with the constant winds make Santana saw one of the points of Rio Grande do Norte with the greatest potential for installation of wind farms. With regard to the changes promoted by this activity in urban areas, it is emphasized that there was no expected dynamism, despite some growth in the number of shops and services. With regard to rural areas, it was not evidenced significant changes in land ownership, predominantly small properties, but the activity generated changes in land rent, which is effective for the lease for the purpose of studies and wind farm facilities. It was found also changes in labor relations, since, after the construction of wind farms, the large landowners have chosen to close partnerships with small farmers, which undermines the agricultural production historically held. In this sense, the installation of wind farms in the micro-region of Santana de Serra has generated contradictions, so that only a minority of people benefits from the activity.Master Thesis Os usos do território e a economia solidária no Rio Grande do Norte(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015-05-15) Lima, Leandro de Castro; Locatel, Celso Donizete; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2047387364725653; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2657210531886042; Azevedo, Francisco Fransualdo de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2719998085102847; Nardoque, Sedeval; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0817381972188098The solidary economy as the organization of production, alternative to the capitalist economy provides new forms of organization and social behavior, that, in the sight of geography, it is shown by the different territory uses. The territory assume new meanings that, influenced by the Solidary Economy movement, tries to reach for new ways of acting that differ from social order already stablished. However, the different uses show themselves in a more complex and contradictory way, given that, in solidary undertakings, different corporative agents start to act, the State being a last resource on this process. Given this reality, our goal on the present paper is to analyze the different uses of the territory from the rural economic solidary undertakings and the relationship it establishes to the different agents involved on the socio-territorial dynamics on Rio Grande do Norte. Starting from a study that contemplates the territorial organization forms and contents of the analyzed phenomena, the methodology utilized for this research is based on a bibliographic review, with authors from the geography and areas related to the Solidary Economy, besides the use of secondary data, acquired from official offices such as SIES and IBGE, from the documented research, SENAES and field interviews conducted with local solidary undertakings. The results obtained in the study reveal the complexity of the agricultural use of the territory by Solidary Economy on the RN, while a resource of intensified use, from the state actions and important economical agents, and regulating the use while shelter, that marginalize solidary workers, making them subdued to the hegemonic logic. Therefore, we can infer that the solidary economy, despite its image of new form of organization between agricultural workers, given the expressivity of the rural solidary undertakings presented on RN, it hasn’t shown a full social development as an instrument of reproduction and emancipation of the associates. Nevertheless, the undertakings articulated in nets excel, even when considering its punctual and residual form. The given contradictions show that it is necessary to fortify the building of the solidary economy as being horizontal and popular based for it to have strength to surpass the regulative actions of the capitalist state and ownership created by the Capital.